Яндекс.Метрика

Issue № 4, April 2025, article № 1

Measures of state support for innovative development institutions in the agricultural sector of the Russian economy: problems and methods of control

Despite the fact that currently a sufficient number of government support measures have been formed for certain segments of the agro-industrial complex, at the same time, certain stages and links of the innovation cycle continue to function in a segmented form. Given that technological gaps arise in the production process of domestic scientific products, which are filled with imported solutions, there is a need for effective government support for development institutions in order to complete the innovation cycle in domestic scientific products. The forms of state support for innovative development institutions depend both on the nature of their activities and the type of innovative products produced. Many federal and regional development institutions allocate financial resources to agricultural producers in the form of subsidies, which allows them to identify specific indicators and identify possible risks of non-compliance. As an example, the volume of government subsidies to Rosagroleasing JSC in 2021-2023 was studied. The paper proposes a legal regime of responsibility for the inefficient use of budgetary funds, and agricultural production itself should be considered as a complex socio-economic system, which in its structure consists of functional and organizational-economic subsystems. Using an ecosystem approach based on the ideology of the reproductive process, the proposed indicator systems characterize the reproduction process. The measures of state support for development institutions are proposed in order to strengthen their activities in the following key areas: eliminating "market failures", forms of management, diversifying the region's economy, increasing the resulting indicators, and solving social and environmental problems. Monitoring and evaluation of the activities of development institutions should be aimed at observing the general principles of budget allocation: economy, efficiency and effectiveness.

Issue № 4, April 2025, article № 3

Assessment of the effectiveness of legal regulation of agriculture in the context of foreign economic sanctions in the period 2020-2024

The study is the result of a comprehensive analysis of government support measures for the agro-industrial complex in the context of economic turbulence in the international arena. The purpose of the study is to analyze the effectiveness of legal regulation of the agricultural sector during the period of foreign economic sanctions. The scientific novelty consists in conducting a comprehensive study of the regulatory framework for state support of agriculture in recent years, analyzing its dynamic changes and assessing the level of effectiveness by experts. The research involved the methodologies of analytical and synthetic approaches in order to ensure a comprehensive study of the issues under consideration. System-functional and axiological analyses were also used in the work, which made it possible to objectively assess the effectiveness of the implemented measures. The practical significance of the study is to assess the effectiveness of recent government stimulus measures for agriculture, which provides an opportunity to predict further steps on the part of the authorities regarding the scope of their application or adjustments, as well as to identify the reaction of the agricultural industry to the changes introduced. This study analyzes the economic, social and innovative tools used by government agencies to increase the productivity of the agricultural sector. In conclusion, proposals are formulated to improve the regulatory legal regulation of the agro-industrial complex in the face of external economic pressure, and the need for prolongation of existing state support programs for agricultural producers is substantiated.

Issue № 4, April 2025, article № 6

Problems of digital transformation of the organizational and economic mechanism of contractual integration in the supply chain of products in the agro-industrial complex

In the food supply chain, digitalization elements have been widely used in recent years to conclude, monitor and execute contracts. The digital transformation of the mechanism of contractual relations in the agro-industrial complex can significantly increase the efficiency of the product supply chain. The development of digital technologies in the supply chain is carried out unevenly at all levels. The most successful digital transformation is carried out in trade and processing, and in the field of agricultural production it is fragmented, mainly in large farms and agricultural holdings. Market power in the supply chain of trade and food processing lies in their ability to influence the terms of contract by agricultural producers, using the "asymmetry of power." Asymmetric relationships create conditions for perceptions of opportunism among inter-organizational partners. Well-established communication between the parties through the creation of an inter-organizational information system IOIS is an effective mechanism for reducing conflicts and, therefore, the likelihood of opposition. The digital transformation of economic relations and contractual relations allows for real-time exchange, which increases operational transparency, reduces information asymmetry and contributes to the growth of loyalty and trust between partners, creating conditions for long-term cooperation. OEM of digital transformation of CPU contributes to increase of competitiveness, commercial viability and economic efficiency, increase in dynamics of income and profit for CPU participants.

Issue № 4, April 2025, article № 7

Structural changes in the system of ensuring the technological independence of the Russian agro-industrial complex: digitalization of agriculture

The system of ensuring technological independence is part of the scientific and technological security system and a larger component of the national security of the economic security system. At the same time, the structural transformation in the system of ensuring the technological independence of the agro-industrial complex is aimed at the ingrained transition of Russian agricultural companies to domestic IT products and services. According to the author, the economic growth and development of Russian agriculture in modern conditions is directly related to the digital transformation of agriculture, the active use of digital technologies in production and management processes. The growing number of companies in the IT segment of the Russian economy and, accordingly, the supply of Russian digital products contribute to ensuring the technological independence of the national economy in general and individual industries in particular. The largest suppliers of IT products for the agricultural industry are Geomir, FTO, Technoprom, Korus Consulting, and SmartContract account for about 1.1 billion rubles or 70% of the total revenue of this segment of the economy. It is concluded that the active growth in the level of digitalization of the agricultural industry in recent years has been mainly due to the expansion of the degree of influence of Russian IT companies and the gradual replacement of foreign software with domestic analogues. The creation of domestic digital platforms and digital services in various segments of the agricultural industry contributes to ensuring effective interaction between various business entities, the introduction of domestic developments into the real sector of the economy, and ensuring the technological independence of the industry.

Issue № 4, April 2025, article № 8

Updating pond fish farming in suburban areas based on monitoring and bioeconomics

The article considers the issues of pond fish farming development in suburban areas, which are part of the country's spatial infrastructure, based on bioeconomic approaches and biosphere monitoring. The article presents materials reflecting the importance of organizing pond fish farming in suburban areas in meeting the vital needs of an ever-increasing population based on activating entrepreneurial potential and using the mechanism of state support. The hypothesis of the scientific study comes down to substantiating the effectiveness of pond fish farming development in the suburban area based on a multifactorial assessment of natural factors, scientific and exploratory analysis, and the current conditions of business vision. The formulas for calculating the area and capacity of the entrepreneurial potential of suburban areas in substantiating economic motivators and pond fish farming are given. The article presents the results of field and empirical studies on the use of a bioeconomic approach in infrastructure development, the introduction of innovations, the use of a public-private partnership mechanism, and biosphere monitoring in the development of suburban areas. The formation of an integrated pond fish farming cluster combining elements of extensive and intensive production, marketing commercialization and investment attractiveness in suburban areas is substantiated. The environmental and commercial components in the development of pond fish farming in the South of Russia are highlighted. A conclusion is made about the need for further legal and bioeconomic transformation of suburban areas in ensuring the development of rural entrepreneurship, in part, pond fish farming.

Issue № 4, April 2025, article № 10

Typology of feedback control influence in land management subsystems in agriculture

To implement the process of systemic land management in agriculture, the methods of regulating the normative-legal, organizational-economic, administrative, structural, social impact of feedback in the institutional, functional, operational, supporting subsystems of management are identified, which increase the efficiency and effectiveness of making management decisions. It was revealed that the reduction of traps in the institutional subsystem will be facilitated by adjusting the norms, rules, bringing the current land legislation in line with the results of judicial practice. The organizational and economic impact involves correcting technical errors made by the registration authority when entering information into the Unified State Register of Real Estate, applying administrative measures to unscrupulous land users, bringing to responsibility for improper use and damage to agricultural land. The operational subsystem ensures timely response to destructive behavior of owners, tenants of land plots, illegal entrepreneurial agricultural activities, failure to comply with government requirements. The information subsystem has identified problems with obsolescence of technical equipment, lack of integration of geoinformation systems containing information on agricultural land, occurrence of registry errors, the elimination of which is the purpose of the structural impact. The data generated by feedback in the functional subsystem make it possible to select the most acceptable forms and methods of social impact to overcome internal contradictions in the land management system.