It is necessary to identify possible ways of improvement of the legislation in the regulation of turnover of agricultural lands. In order to study the issues under consideration, the stages of the formation of legislation in the field of agricultural land circulation were analysed. The historical context of the study is important for the development of issues and problems that are present at the present level of regulation of the turnover of certain categories of land. It has been shown that agricultural lands are specific, and the approach to their legal protection should correspond to the required level. Proposals have been made to improve the Federal legislation in the sphere of turnover of agricultural land: the need to clarify the concept and application of the consequences of improper use of land, which is a serious violation of the fertility of land as a production basis. A significant step is also the possibility of granting a preferential right to purchase land to agricultural producers of the relevant area.
In article the analysis of dynamics of the state support of development of agriculture and its ratio with target indicators in Sverdlovsk region is carried out. When carrying out research methods of the analysis and synthesis, logical assessment, monographic, economical and statistical were applied. Dynamics and features of change of consumer prices of products of agriculture are compared with dynamics of change of the state support. Current trends of change of structure of the state support within its directions in branches of livestock production and crop production are established. Assessment of the impact of the state support on cost efficiency of agricultural production is given. State support has a stimulating effect on the development of agro-industrial complex, but there is no faster growth of production indicators in relation to the dynamics of state support funds. Further development of a system of the state support of agriculture of Sverdlovsk region for increase in level and rates of its expanded reproduction is offered.
The relevance of the study is due to the problems of ensuring food security of the penal system. One of the main directions for the development of agricultural and agrarian production based on the institutions of the penal correction system is the desire for self-sufficiency through the production of agricultural products, raw materials and food. The use of additional State instruments will increase crop space and production of agricultural products, raw materials and food, achieve high performance and achieve a stable level of food security in correctional institutions. As part of the preparation of this work, the authors studied the theoretical aspects of the implementation of support programs for agricultural producers in Russia, analyzed the statistical data of the investigated problem sectors, located in open sources and on official websites, as well as the materials of these sectors submitted to the author at the official requests carried out within the framework of the implementation of applications of the Department of Logistics of the Federal Penal Correction Service of Russia, formulated conclusions and proposals. As a result of the study, it is shown that the main obstacle to the inclusion of agricultural-related auxiliary farms and enterprises in State support programmes is the absence of a narrow agricultural specialization, which allows generating income in this area of not less than 70‰ per year.
The aim of the research is to assess the effectiveness of innovative technologies for the creation of high-yield, abiotic and biotic-resistant environments, varieties of spring wheat and oats. According to priority breeding technologies, which came out of the theory of eco-genetic organization of quantitative characters (TEGOQC) genotypes (ancestors and parents) were selected with the maximum contribution to productivity of one (or more) of 7 genetic-physiological systems (GFS). From their crossing along the diallel scheme, a variety of Grenada spring wheat was created, combining the contributions of the top five GPS. The variety is included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements in the Ural (9) region of the Russian Federation, exceeds the yield standards by 10-12 c/ha. According to the technologies derived from TEGOQC, varieties of spring wheat have been created: 1) Irene with maximum contributions to the yield of GPS attractions, micro-distributions, adaptability, (yields of up to 68 c/ha), much higher than standards (Irgin, Tyumen early, and Arcas), and 2) variety Catherine with a total contribution to the yield of GPS (80-82 c/ha). Irene and Catherine are zoned, respectively, to 1-4, 9-11; and 4,9,10 regions of the Russian Federation. The Atlet oat variety zoned in the 9 region is characterized by good work of the GPS attraction, polygenic immunity of adaptability, forms an average grain yield of 52 c/ha (higher than the Sprint standard 2 on 13.3‰, and the forerunner varieties Garland and WW 17064 - on 8.3 - 20.1‰). The Uralets variety with the positive contribution of GPS adaptability and polygenic immunity, zoned in 10 regions, produces an average grain yield of 50 c/ha (above the standard for 5.8 c/ha) and a green mass of 382 c/ha (above the standards for 10-20 c/ha).
The aim of the study is to analyze the patterns of equipment acquisition by agricultural producers of various forms of ownership. Our study used economic and statistical techniques and methods. The classification of sources of acquisition is presented. The forms of ownership of agricultural organizations in the region and the volumes of their acquisition of machinery are analyzed. The analysis of the conformity of the number of purchased and introduced agricultural equipment, both in the region as a whole and in individual agricultural organizations, to normative indicators (update rates) is done. The conclusion is drawn about the dynamics and structure of expenses for the purchase of agricultural equipment in small forms of management and in agricultural organizations of collective forms of ownership. The conclusion is made about the structure of the acquired agricultural machinery and the corresponding sources of acquisition. It is proposed to create conditions for agricultural producers, in terms of the acquisition of agricultural machinery.
The aim of the study is to analyze the state of the technical potential of agricultural organizations. In our work, economic and statistical methods and techniques were used. The directions and indicators for assessing the state of technical potential are justified. The main production indicators characterizing the state of the technical potential of agricultural organizations of the Russian Federation were analyzed. The conclusion is made about the state of agricultural production over the past 10 years, specific indicators are analyzed. The criteria characterizing the development of agriculture are defined; the food safety criteria recommended by the UN are presented. Proposals have been made to adjust (increase, decrease, stabilize) the sown area for the production of the main types of agricultural products that determine the food security of the state. The effect of the availability of all types of agricultural machinery on the volume of agricultural production was determined.
For almost 30 years, Russia has had a new model of socio-economic development based on market relations, but all after the reform period the main problems remain social issues related to the level of well-being and quality of life population, and primarily to overcome the poverty of the population. The question arises: what are the reasons? There is a legitimate question about the lack of effectiveness of Russia's economic development model or the effectiveness of governance and other global causes. However, always at the heart of the complex reasons for the lack of successful economic development of the country, there are issues that at first glance seem insignificant against the background of large-scale tasks. This lack of professional point of view, misunderstanding or neglect of leaders and the economic elite of a theoretically literate, scientific campaign to achieve the main goal-setting indicators, priority in setting tasks, when setting goals, development of programmes and national socio-economic development projects. The aim of the study was to find out the problems on the example of the productivity of the agricultural industry, as one of the most important indicators of economic development, taking into accounts its economic nature and application of the methodology of calculation.
The agrarian campus system is currently undergoing significant changes due to the intensive development of territories once integral to the educational process and scientific activity of the base of educational and experienced farms. The aim of the study is to analyse the agrarian campus system in ensuring the sustainable development of the agricultural region. The campus "State Agrarian University of Northern Zauralia," functioning in the system of urban land use of the city of Tyumen, has been adopted as the object of research. The study is based on the use of the following scientific methods: abstract-logical, cluster analysis (multidimensional statistics), cartographic and physical modeling method. The article proposes the results of the study of the integral concept of "educational scientific and innovative complex" of the State Agrarian University of Northern Zauralia and reflects the peculiarities of its functioning, presents the territorial model of the State Agrarian University of Northern Zauralia and proposes the model of the Agro-Eco-Garden of the campus "State Agrarian University of Northern Zauralia."
The relevance of the study is offset by a number of factors: the high social significance of poultry production, providing demand for a wide range of low-income groups of the population; beef cattle breeding is a key industry ensuring the consumption by man of essential amino acids and proteins, which are the basis of his biological, physical and mental development; participation of the country in international organizations, unions implying obligations to comply with the norms and rules of functioning of the markets for meat, raw materials and food; the creation and operation of information and trading platforms, based on the technology of a distributed registry (block chain), for settlements, the functioning of the national currency in the format of a token (crypto currency) and the conclusion of SMART agreements (smart contracts) and more. The relevance of the research topic is also determined by the high degree of knowledge of the functioning of meat farming in Russia. The problem, the solution of which the research is directed, is to break the emergence of production and management technologies in the agricultural sector of the economy, in general, and the livestock industry, in particular, and their implementation. The hypothesis of the study is that the methodology for the effective functioning of the meat industry in Russia is determined by modern directions, mechanisms based on the use of digital production and management technologies. The purpose of this study is to identify areas and mechanisms for improving the methodology of the effective functioning of the meat industry in Russia. Research objectives: to characterize the current state of the meat industry in Russia; to study the key problems hindering the development of the industry in question; identify areas and mechanisms for improving the methodology of the effective functioning of the meat industry in Russia; to formulate the content of the directions and mechanisms for improving the methodology of the effective functioning of the meat industry in Russia.
The relevance of the research topic is due to the fact that agribusiness is the basis for the development and functioning of the Trans-Urals economy. The share of agricultural products in gross regional product is about 13‰. It is the rich land resources that the region has that offer the potential to increase the production of environmentally friendly agricultural products, regardless of the difficult climatic conditions. The use of statistical grouping in the analysis of land use efficiency in agribusiness makes it possible to assess the influence of certain factors on the results of agricultural land use, to identify hidden reserves. In crop and livestock production, the same factors have been shown to have different effects on the impact of agricultural land use. Agricultural producers who have received state financial support on a larger scale (on average 146.74 thousand roubles/100 ha) have the best indicators of land resource efficiency.