The development of the market potential of the poultry meat market should be considered within the framework of modern trends in the dynamics of meat poultry farming with a focus on its commodity production. The comparative aspect of domestic and world poultry meat production is capable of identifying not only internal, but also external reserves for its expansion. Analysis of formation of poultry meat resources, dynamics of its production and consumption, self-provision of poultry meat in terms of regions, geography of import and export supplies made it possible to identify the main directions of development of market potential and filling of promising niches of this segment. The main directions of development of market potential of poultry meat are highlighted: growth of domestic market of poultry meat, due to uneven self-sufficiency by regions and lag from world leaders in consumption of poultry meat; To increase export potential both by expanding its geography and by producing quality and competitive products; Diversification of the range by increasing the production of alternative poultry meat; Increasing the volume of functional and organic products in the enterprise; Increasing specific weight of poultry meat processing products with high added value.
The hog industry is an object of State regulation, the importance of which is due to the large contribution of the industry to the country's food supply and its impact on related sectors of the economy: mechanical engineering, chemical, light, food processing and others. The article discusses the main economic and legal mechanisms of the state policy for the development of the hog industry in the Russian Federation. The author identifies macroeconomic instruments that have an indirect impact on the development of the hog industry, such as fiscal and monetary policy, the formation of an investment climate, antitrust regulation, anti-inflation strategy, and product quality control. Such instruments of state regulation which have a direct impact on industry actors are also considered: concessional lending, restriction of imports, compensation of capital investment costs. The article identifies the main changes that have occurred in the mechanism of state support for domestic producers of hog products over the past years. The results of the state policy in relation to the level of self-sufficiency in pig breeding products, volumes of imports and exports, sizes of production capacity and others are analyzed. The author highlights the urgent problems of the industry and points to new challenges that the current state of the industry in Russia and the world dictates.
The article considered certain aspects of the development and technical provision of open-ground vegetable production in the Russian Federation and the Moscow region. It has been revealed that the indicators achieved in open soil vegetable growing in recent years have contributed to the increase in the level of self-sufficiency of the population of the country with open soil vegetable growing products, on the other hand, against the background of positive results, a number of negative ones remain. Thus, against the background of the increase in sowing areas, production volumes with the use of elite seeds are reduced, as the supply of elite seeds is provided by foreign seed-growing enterprises, which implement often aggressive price policy. The small share of new harvesting equipment purchased by vegetable farms should also be noted as a negative factor. The financial indicators of vegetable growing enterprises considered on the example of large producers of Moscow region determined the need to develop an integrated and systematic approach in solving issues of technical support for producers of vegetable growing of open soil.
The improvement and development of cluster policy frameworks, including legislative and scientific and methodological ones, has proved to be effective in many countries, including Russia. However, the application of successful foreign practices in cluster formation may already be widely used mainly in high-tech industrial industries. As for the implementation of cluster policy frameworks in Russian agriculture, the number of applications of these practices is small. In our view, the formation of regional clusters, in the form of a priority direction of long-term development of agriculture in Russia, is possible through the formation of an agro-tourist cluster structure in the economy of the region. The article describes the rationale for this fact on the example of the construction of the agro-tourist cluster structure (Tver region). The author points to specific features and cluster-forming factors of agro tourism. Formalization of calculation of potential number of cluster members using innovation activity factor is proposed. The authors justified and developed a structural model of the cluster of agro-tourism of the Tver region. In order to determine the sustainable development of rural areas through the formation of an agro touristic cluster structure, a formula for calculating the synergistic effect of the project implementation has been drawn up.
The relevance of this problem is due to the need to identify the main trends in the import of fruit and berry products in the world and in Russia in 2002-2019. The volume of value imports of fruit and berry products in the world in 2018 increased by 3.96 times by 2002. About 93.6 ‰ of the world's average annual value imports come from 20 countries. In the first two positions in 2002-2018, the United States and Germany are stable. The rating of Russia changed from 11th place in 2002 to 3rd place in 2010-2013, followed by a decline to 7th place in 2017-2018. The main volume of imports of fruit and berry products depending on their subgroup in 2014-2018 was imported to Russia from 5 countries. By 2018 the composition of suppliers has changed due to the introduction of the Russian food embargo and other factors. The prospects for further development of the situation with the import of fruit and berry products depend on many conditions. However, full import substitution for fruits, berries and nuts is not appropriate, since it will significantly narrow the range and supplies in the winter and spring time of the year.
This article discusses various foreign points of view regarding the multifunctionality of agriculture (MFA). The features and differences in the functions of agriculture for each country are highlighted. It is noted that the model of functions of German agriculture is closest to the Russian view of multifunctional. It is concluded that multifunctionality is interpreted in different ways, but the meaning does not change and almost the same. Complexity and multi-aspect describe the multifunctionality of agriculture.
The method of improving the functioning of the infrastructure of the agricultural land market consists of successive stages: definition of the content of the concept, peculiarities, components of the infrastructure of the agricultural land market, implementation of the model of a universal tool - a specialized portal. The agricultural land market infrastructure is a collection of market-oriented institutions that speed up or constrain land market operations. The formation of infrastructure, the quality of servicing of transactions for the purchase and sale of agricultural land are influenced by the selection of an evaluation company, a trading platform, a credit institution, an insurance organization, services, their internal connections, conditions, positive and negative effects (internals). A single electronic access point is a model information system that provides structuring of statistical, legal, scientific information, justification of agronomic, economic, consumer values of land, updating of cadastral and market value of land plots, communication of agents, actors, provision of services, bidding, auctions, conclusion of sales and sale transactions, rental, maintenance of market development. This system of direct and reverse relationships of organizations, small forms of economic management, content managers, market agents takes into account the interests of participants in land relations and is aimed at optimizing demand and supply for agricultural land.
Currently, the use of new ingredients (plant origin) in technology to improve the quality of flour and bread is very important for industrial enterprises (flour and bakery). The main goal is to correct the shortcomings of the raw material (grain) and give the final product the desired consumer properties (nutritional and biological value). In the work, promising directions for improving the quality of grain were proposed; the advantages of using dry wheat gluten in industrial production were substantiated; the variants of enrichment of flour and bread with premixes (vitamin and mineral complex) are given. Also in the context of identified trends and improve resource-saving (use of secondary raw materials and waste), expand choice, improve nutritional and biological value of bread and bakery products and their production with the set functional and health properties, as well as manufacturing products of medicinal and special purpose, designed and economically justified innovative project organization formation of the composite flour mixtures using vegetable raw materials at JSC «FM «Voronezh». Financial and economic evaluation of the project confirmed its feasibility, as well as the effectiveness of the proposed design, technical and technological solutions. The research was based on General scientific approaches and methods. Dialectical methods, scientific methods of theoretical and empirical group also found application.
The aim of the scientific article is to analyse the state of the garden as one of the important sectors of agriculture, to identify new directions of its improvement in order to increase the key parameters of competitiveness. The study used economic and statistical methods. Approaches are defined in the production of fruit products in Dagestan. Positive dynamics of growth of areas, production volumes and fruit yield from 1990 to 2018 have been revealed. The issues of the organization of the modern market economy remained unresolved, but very relevant for the region. Lack of fruit storage facilities, processing facilities, underdevelopment of food wholesale markets, co-operation systems of agricultural producers significantly reduce the efficiency of the industry and the volume of consumption of fruit products. All this creates questions about what priorities are set in modern agrarian policy for the development of the industry. The article provides further expanded directions for the restoration of horticulture in the country: renewal of the material and technical base, introduction of modern intensive agricultural technologies, improvement of skills of agricultural workers, development of cooperation, integration of production and market infrastructure. The implementation of these provisions will certainly contribute to increasing the economic efficiency and investment of the industry under consideration.
The authors identified and systematized the factors that determine the effectiveness of the organization of specialized meat cattle breeding, including the factors of the economic, natural-biological and organizational-technological groups. The article assesses the distribution of pedigree resources of the main meat breeds of cattle in various regions of the country. The authors substantiated the economic efficiency of organizing a separate production cycle during the restoration and development of beef cattle breeding in regions that have a large proportion of the area of pastures for grazing stocks with calves during the warm season. It has been established that the relatively low investment attractiveness of domestic beef cattle breeding at the initial stages of its development can be enhanced by improving the pricing system in the chain of product movement from the producer to the final consumer in the cattle meat market and the growth of government support. The article analyzes the resource potential of the restoration and development of specialized beef cattle breeding in one of the leading agricultural regions of the country.