The article considers the possibilities of implementing digital technologies in agricultural production, their types, and the advantages of their application for the development of agriculture. In addition, the problems of digitalization of agriculture are considered. Innovations in the implementation of digital solutions will ensure labour productivity and achieve development in the agro-industrial sectors. It is shown that by developing robotics and production automation systems, the development of digital transformation of the agro-industrial complex becomes achievable, which will ensure the development of all areas of enterprise activity in the era of digital globalization. The digital revolution in agriculture is gaining momentum. There are more and more solutions and technologies on the market. The introduction of new technologies is more accessible to large agricultural holdings, whose financial capabilities and investment attractiveness are much higher than small and medium-sized farms. There are a number of difficulties that make it difficult for small-scale farms to implement digital technologies, which leads to a gap in the capabilities of different farms. Digitalization will open up opportunities for small farmers to integrate into digital agricultural systems.
The article discusses the role of leasing in the modernization of the agro-industrial complex of the Moscow region. The level of agriculture development in the Moscow region was based on historical retrospective and current state of rural areas. The author concluded that the high competitiveness of agriculture in the Moscow region, as evidenced by high rates of agricultural production and sustainable growth acreage of agricultural crops. As of 2018 the Moscow region for the production of agricultural products occupies the 13th place in Russia and the 6th place among regions of the Central Federal district. At the same time, analysis of the state of material-technical provision of agriculture in Moscow region is evidence of insufficient technical equipment functioning in the region agricultural organizations, a high degree of physical and moral depreciation of fixed assets, low level of introduction of new technologies in the agricultural activities of enterprises. Encourage agricultural producers to modernization of the Park of agricultural machinery and the introduction of digital innovation in conditions of scarcity of financial resources intended Federal leases. A comparative analysis of the terms in the leasing of agricultural machinery in the leading leasing companies was presented. There were existing subsidies for the purchase of agricultural machinery and equipment in the Moscow region, the main directions of modernization of preferential leasing system in agriculture.
The article is intended for the prospects of implementing the Strategy for improving financial literacy in the Russian Federation for 2017-2023 in relation to the field of agricultural education. The main legal documents on financial literacy of the population are analyzed and the priority directions of its development are justified. Based on the analysis of the bachelor's degree programs of the enlarged group of specialties 35.00.00 "Agriculture, forestry and fisheries", implemented in the Russian State Agrarian University – MTAA named after K.A.Timiryazev, a conclusion is made about the incomplete formation of competencies related to financial literacy. To implement the recommended Strategy required mastery of universal competencies in the field of economic culture, including financial literacy, graduates at the bachelor (specialist) in all areas of training and professions, the proposed model is modular and flexible discipline "Fundamentals of Economic literacy" for all bachelor of the enlarged group of specialties 35.00.00 "Agriculture, forestry and fisheries". The principles of forming a universal modular economic discipline are formulated. The need to revise the traditional formats of conducting the educational process, the organization of modularity of the learning process with a focus on teamwork of professors of different departments who read basic economic disciplines is noted.
The growing negative geopolitical trends in the world are challenging the entire agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation, including poultry, to ensure the food security of the country's population with food and, above all, animal protein. In this regard, it is necessary to search for mechanisms to improve the performance of the industry in order to increase its competitiveness in both the domestic and global markets. This situation causes particular relevance in matters related to the study of market conditions for poultry meat. The article considers the general state of the development of commodity meat poultry farming in dynamics over a number of years and identifies factors limiting its progressive development. At the same time, all the parameters characterizing the change in the market conditions for poultry meat were studied in detail, namely, the coefficients of arc and cross elasticity in terms of price and income, and an analyst was given on market concentration based on the Herfindahl-Hirschman model. The set of results of demand analytics shows the possible management decisions of poultry meat producers in terms of volume and expansion of its supply.
Dairy farming is one of the first places in the country's food security. The development of the industry with the use of robotic technologies will bring a positive economic effect. The research used theoretical (analysis, synthesis, comparison) and empirical (analysis of scientific literature) research methods. The dynamics of milk production in the Kaluga region is growing. An important role in this is played by measures of state support for the industry at the Federal and regional levels, which provides conditions for the introduction of robotic technologies in dairy farming. The introduction of robotic technologies has a positive impact on the industry's performance indicators.
In recent years, there has been an increase in domestic agricultural production due to active state support through special programs for the agricultural sector. However, far from all representatives of agribusiness have decent financial results that allow them to remain competitive and effectively develop. The limited financial capabilities of small and medium-sized enterprises do not allow attracting the necessary volumes of external financing or timely fulfilment of loan obligations. The main way to increase financial well-being and sustainable economic development of agricultural production is the development of new areas of activity, when enterprises produce not only raw materials, but also a ready-to-eat product. It is important that the product has serious competitive advantages over similar products on the market, can replace imported products and be highly profitable. Raw agricultural production provides a profitability of no more than 8-10‰, while integration processes can increase it by 10-15 points. The article considers the proposal for Soybean Complex Company LLC to organize a workshop for processing soybeans into dried soy milk, the market demand for which has growth trends. This product is used in food processing industry, confectionery production, consumed by the population in its purest form. With a one-time investment of 3.8 million roubles, the farm will be able to receive about 2.8 million roubles net profit in the first year, which confirms the economic efficiency and feasibility of measures.
Economic approaches to determining the parameters of the organizational and economic form of the land market structure imply the creation of economic incentives and indicators that ensure the implementation of state policy in the field of land use, by matching special forms of access in the social space to land resources. In addition, it should be taken into account that Russia is a multi-ethnic country with 7 Nations and more than 190 nationalities on its territory. Building a land market is a set of interconnected and interacting forms of social communities that occur within a complex intertwining of structures and institutions. The multidimensional space of social processes and national relations that are functionally related to each other is fully implemented by the public relations of state policy in the field of agricultural land use.
After the entry into force of the law on organic products in January 2020, a number of uncertainties remain on the part of producers and consumers regarding the development of the organic market in Russia. A fundamental aspect is the difficulty in understanding consumers regarding the concept of organic products, which is often associated with farm products. The article presents the results of a marketing study of end users of organic meat products and meat products conducted in the form of a panel in Moscow. Problematic issues in the perception of the concepts of farm products and organic products are indicated. The directions of popularization of organic products produced in accordance with the requirements of the legislation are considered, special attention is paid to the aspects of the marketing complex, which allows establishing a chain of interaction with the final consumer when choosing products. There is analysis of the main parameters that are priority in the selection of products, in particular meat and meat products. The prospects of this direction are considered.
The article deals with the issues of national economic significance of fruit and berry products and prospects for the development of the fruit-growing industry. The assessment of the current state of fruit and berry production in the country is given. The article analyzes the needs and consumption of fruit and berry products in Russia as a whole, as well as in the context of Federal districts of the Russian Federation. The problems in the fruit growing industry that arose in the context of the policy of import substitution of agricultural products are identified. Factors that affect the production of fruits and berries are identified. The dynamics of production of fruit and berry products in all categories of farms for the period 2016-2019 is shown. The total area of productive plantings of fruit and berry crops in the Russian Federation in all categories of farms is given. Dynamics of productivity of fruit and berry products in all categories of farms is presented for the period 2016-2019. In the course of the research, the prospects for the development of the fruit-growing industry using innovative technologies were determined.
The article analyzed the development of the Russian pork market for the period 2009-2018. Predicting the development of the pork market is one way to minimize the risks of related economic activity. Experience shows that statistical and eco-econometrics are relatively rarely used to predict the development of the market in the agri-food sector. Most of the tests and run-ups are based on expert experience. Experts say that Russia's exports will continue to grow for all types of meat, in particular pork. Prices will also continue to rise. However, there is a high risk of AES, both in Russia and in European exporting countries - which has serious consequences for the pork market. Operational study of the pork market, the forecast of its development, should be carried out constantly, taking into account the different degree of connection of the results. All of this will enable the necessary management decisions to be better met and more effective for business. The study analyzed the dynamics of pork production and sales in Russia. The means of correlation analysis have received an equation of supply in the Russian pork market. The expolational analysis has obtained forecasts of pork production in the promising period 2019-2020 and the average price forecast for pork producers for 2019 is calculated.