The article presents an analysis of regulatory and legal instruments for the formation and development of investment activities in the agro-industrial production of foreign countries, based on interstate unions, where the most successful is considered to be the EAEU, within which there are already common markets for goods and services and other development institutions that ensure the free flow of labour and capital, strategic tasks are planned for the convergence of agro-industrial production. Despite the fact that in Russian legislation there are certain preferential programs for agricultural loans agricultural business, it is well known that mostly credited major agricultural organizations are in the best conditions from the point of view of markets, logistics and climatic conditions, unlike small businesses and organizations that are in the worst agro-climatic conditions, these and other questions concerning programs for the development of investments in agricultural production are analyzed in the article.
The current functioning of the cattle meat market is taking place in the context of COVID-19, which creates uncertainty in the further dynamics of beef exports. Falling incomes of the population, rising unemployment, temporary closure of borders, disruption of supply chains and stricter requirements for the import of cattle meat reduced export volumes in Q2 2020. The market for chilled and fresh meat has been particularly affected. In the third quarter, a slow recovery of positive dynamics is noted. The trend of further concentration of exporters has emerged. The share of the first three countries by volume of export of products in chilled form accounts for 36.5‰, in frozen - 67.9‰. The export of Russian cattle meat is actively increasing, but the country's share in 2020 is remains insignificant 0.04‰ and 0.29‰ of the world volume, respectively. Systemic problems limiting the further increase in cattle meat production have been identified. It was recommended to systematically develop specialized beef cattle breeding to increase exports, as well as maintain domestic consumption to ensure sustainable demand for products.
The paper analyzes the main directions of the meat export infrastructure development in Russia. The territorial proximity to the world sales market, China, creates conditions for the preferential development of the export of Russian agro-industrial complex products and export infrastructure in this direction. The analysis of the transport infrastructure has been carried out. Improving the efficiency of domestic export logistics is closely related to the development of the market for rail containers, refrigerated logistics, warehouse facilities, and wholesale distribution centres. The state of the port infrastructure should be updated to meet the requirements for the export of consumer products. An important place in the development of export infrastructure is taken by the adoption of the necessary measures for product certification, improvement of the work of customs service and information support for exporters.
The State program "Integrated rural development for the period 2020-2025" is currently the most important practical tool of the rural development policy (RDP) implemented by the Government of the Russian Federation. With its adoption, it was planned to have a significant and positive impact on the socio-economic situation in rural areas, reversing the negative trends of recent decades in most rural areas of the country. However, the analysis of the program content, including by comparing it with the RDP measures in the United States, as well as the preliminary results of its implementation during the first year, show that such plans are unfounded. Positive changes can be expected only after harmonizing the principles of the national rural development policy with the universal principles of an effective RDP.
The article considers the problems of development of the agricultural sector, taking into account the level of investment and innovation potential of the industry. In the conditions of the Smolensk region the dominant development factors associated with investment activities, the level of innovative activity, and state support for agriculture are identified. Assessment of the prevailing volumes of state support made it possible to predict the conditions and sizes of effective investment activity in the region, taking into account the protectionist policy of the state. According to calculations, to ensure the conditions for expanded reproduction of the agro-industrial complex of the region (30-40‰), an increase in the volume of financing for agriculture will be required from 6.7 billion roubles in 2021 to 9.2 billion roubles by 2024, the level of innovation in agriculture is still quite low, therefore, the systematic implementation of the proposed directions and taking into account the dominant factors will allow to increase the gross output of the region's industry by 1.2-1.3 times by 2024 and create more than a thousand new workers places.
The formation of a high-quality sector of the economy - small forms of business - was a radical transformation of agrarian relations, while the relevance of the economic assessment of the results of their economic activities in the agrarian sector of the economy has significantly increased. Every year, farming makes an increasingly significant contribution to the development of the agricultural economy, which is confirmed by the growth of its share in agricultural production in recent years - from 6.1‰ in 2005 to 13.6‰ in 2019 for Russia as a whole. Despite the fact that small forms of management have a relatively low level of development of productive forces, not fully equipped with elements of the material and technical base, including the technical means necessary for conducting a complete cycle of agricultural production, their rapid formation largely coincides with the global trends of strengthening the role of farms in the agricultural sector of the economically developed countries of the world. However, modern economic farm conditions dictate the need for new approaches to assessing the economic efficiency of technical means for the mechanization of agricultural production. In this regard, the scientific article argues attention to the economic efficiency of agricultural production with different technical equipment of small forms of farming, taking into account the logarithmic trend line, which allows providing for the smoothing of graphs and the development of the scenario for a certain period of years.
The article considers indicators and factors of effective functioning of forms of farming in agriculture. The analysis of publication activity on the effectiveness of organizational and legal forms on the e-library base showed its growth, which confirms the relevance of the selected topic of the study. Statistical reporting of 26.65 thousand organizations by type of activity 01 "Crop and animal husbandry, hunting and provision of appropriate services in these areas" was used as the basis of the study. The conclusion was made about the predominance of the shareholder form and its higher profitability, which is due to the possibilities of investing and concentrating resources.
This article presents scientific research on the training of specialists for the agro-industrial complex on the example of one of the oldest universities in Siberia Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Education «Omsk State Agrarian University named after P.A. Stolypin», taking into account the principles of Total Quality Management (TQM) and the requirements of a quality management system based on the requirements of the State Standard R ISO 9001-2015, in terms of implementing the principle of this system «Customer Orientation», based on a customer-oriented approach, as well as using elements project and practice-oriented activities in training. Involvement of external stakeholders in the formation of the educational trajectory makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of training personnel for a new formation for the agricultural sector by assessing the potential of students at the initial stages of the formation of competencies and elements of organizational culture; the use of the creative and scientific potential of future specialists in solving design problems set by business and production, with their subsequent implementation in the conditions of real enterprises. In general, the use of new approaches to training specialists for the agro-industrial complex forms a positive image of the university in the educational services market and the labour market, increases the competitive advantage of the educational organization, which ensures the formation of a loyal customer base and strengthens external relations.
The development of the agro-industrial complex of the region should be based not only on the production of raw materials in the fields of crop production and animal husbandry, but also on its processing into finished products. Thus, one of the most relevant areas in the Krasnoyarsk territory is the cultivation of oilseeds, in particular spring rapeseed and the production of oil based on it. In addition, in the Doctrine of food security, one of the indicators that ensure food independence is the production of vegetable oil, the level of self-sufficiency for which should be at least 90 percent. In this regard, the features of spring rapeseed production in the region are considered and the efficiency of rapeseed oil production is evaluated on the example of a specific agricultural organization.
The market for meat and meat products in general is highly variable, rather dynamically developing and is characterized, first of all, by a constant increase in competition, not only between local producers, but also those players who “enter” regional markets. And also this "behaviour" is due to the actions of consumers and changes in their preferences. The article presents information on the state of the meat market, including in the Omsk region, analyzes the trends of its development. The characteristics of the main competitors for the supply of "marble" meat to the Omsk region and the Siberian zone are presented region. On the basis of the survey, the main groups of consumers of beef meat, including “marbled beef”, were identified. As part of marketing research, the results of identifying consumer preferences when choosing beef meat are presented, as well as an analysis of the needs of public catering enterprises in "marble" meat. This analysis was also based on factors such as purchase and market prices and the price of ready meals. Based on the results obtained, a number of conclusions were drawn and an understanding of the market for this product in the Omsk region was formed.