The article deals in detail with the direct and indirect contribution of agro tourism to the country's economy. Much attention is paid to the indirect contribution to related industries: rental of premises, catering, transport services, cultural and trade services in the agricultural territories of the country. The author analyses the history of the development of the methodology for determining the multiplicative effect of tourism in related industries, offers his own methodology for assessing this contribution. Difficulties were identifiedd in data collection and objectivity. On a practical example, the author interprets the data of the direct and indirect contribution of tourism to the Russian economy. At the end of the study, concrete ways are proposed to solve the existing problem of methodological assessment of the contribution of agro tourism to the Russian economy
The key factor in the development of the agro-industrial complex of Russia in 2020 is the extension of the state program for the development of agriculture until 2025. A step-by-step shift in focus to support exports, deep processing and overall improvement in the quality of agricultural products comes to the fore. The aim of the study is to assess the quality of the agricultural insurance system in the conditions of adjusting the general vector of agricultural development under the large-scale influence of factors of an unfavourable macroeconomic environment. There was a significant underfunding of the programme of State support for agro insurance and a decrease in the level of security and financial sustainability in regions that held leading positions in terms of agricultural production. The methodology for calculating the amount of subsidies should not only take into account the needs of the individual region, but should include qualitative consideration of the nature and level of regional risks in agricultural production adopted for insurance.
The article considers the need to improve the quality of practical training in professional agricultural education, which is currently a determining factor in the formation of an effective system of personnel support for the agricultural sector of the economy. The paper systematizes the main modern problems that affect the quality of training specialists in agricultural Universities; shows the real attitude of employers-enterprises and organizations of agribusiness to the quality of practical training of graduates who are employed in the industry. The historical reasons for the decline in the quality of practical training of graduates of agricultural Universities are investigated. The authors propose an innovative model for organizing the educational process, which provides for combining training in agricultural Universities with practical work in leading enterprises and organizations in the industry. The model involves reducing theoretical training and replacing various types of practices with work or industrial internships for students in leading agricultural enterprises in the regions. The proposed model of professional education allows improving the quality of practical training and equipping graduates not only with knowledge, but also with real-world experience. It is proposed to implement the model in the format of pilot projects with discussion and evaluation by the expert community and representatives of real agribusiness.
the Russian agricultural sector, like many other areas of economic activity, has recently experienced a stable shortage of personnel. In the current conditions, it is not possible to do without involving labour migrants in the struggle for the harvest. In numerous studies devoted to the problems of labour migration in Russia, attention is often focused on the negative processes of its impact on our society, migrant phobia and the growth of social tension in the labour market. Meanwhile, the departure of foreign citizens from the country's agricultural sector can lead to crop losses, losses and a threat to food security. The article reflects the dependence of Russian agriculture on the employment of foreign citizens, which leads to the conclusion that the influx of migrants to this industry is a desirable phenomenon.
This article examines the current state of the livestock industry, as well as presents measures aimed at improving the efficiency of the development of this industry. Priority tasks for the development of the livestock industry based on state support are presented. The article describes the specifics of the development of the livestock industry and the problems of business development in the field of agriculture. In order to increase the competitiveness of livestock products, it is necessary: to optimize regional agricultural policies; improving the legal and regulatory framework; development of a comprehensive livestock production programme; continuous audit of rational spending of money in the industry; increasing the cost-effectiveness of targeted subsidies; Revitalization of the agricultural machinery sector.
The practical aspects of the possibilities of using econometric models to improve the tools for strategic management of the competitiveness of the meat industry in the Novosibirsk region are considered. A regression model is presented that describes the dependence of the competitiveness of the meat industry in the region on a number of factors, including the parameters describing the strategic tools for managing the competitive advantages of the meat industry in the Novosibirsk region. The conclusion is made about the predominant influence of such tools as information support, development of logistics infrastructure and training of personnel of meat producers. As a practical recommendation for using the data of the obtained model, it is proposed to create a distribution centre in Novosibirsk, serving the delivery and storage of products of local manufacturers. Meat manufacturers can use an app to manage the distribution centre services, making it easier to interact with customers.
Currently, despite the efforts of the executive authorities, there is a low rate of robotization of agriculture, and in a number of regions, robotics is not used in the industry. The main hypothesis is that the significant unevenness of the process of robotization of the agrarian sector of the economy across the country is associated with regional characteristics. The purpose of the study is to identify patterns of robotization of agriculture in the regions in relation to the availability of infrastructure facilities and the level of state support (subsidies) for the agricultural sector of the regions. The results of the study of the density of robotization of agriculture by region are presented. Contrary to the hypothesis put forward, it was not possible to identify a significant dependence of robotization on the use of the Internet by organizations (correlation coefficient 0.10), broadband Internet access (correlation coefficient 0.04). This may be due to the widespread penetration of the Internet, which does not provide the advantages of one region over another. There is a low dependence of the density of robotization in agriculture and the availability of paved roads (correlation coefficient -0.21) and road density (correlation coefficient 0.04). The wide geography of the introduction of robotics in agriculture throughout the country allows us to conclude that there are no significant infrastructural restrictions. In confirming the initial hypothesis of the study, there is a significant relationship (correlation coefficient 0.74) between the level of government support and the density of robotization. It is recommended that the executive authorities strengthen targeted government support for the implementation of robotics.
The article analyzes the main works in the field of construction and research of production functions, the task is to build them according to the data of agricultural organizations of the Nizhny Novgorod region engaged in the production of rapeseed, potatoes, cattle meat, and pig meat. The constructed PFs were modified Cobb-Douglas functions, allowing to take into account the influence of the ratio of economic resources used in production on the volume of production, as well as to take into account the effect of the amount of economic resources on their elasticities. The methodology for constructing production functions included the selection of the most significant variables, building models, analyzing the reliability of the models and checking them for the fulfilment of the Gauss-Markov conditions. In the study, the coefficients of 4 production functions were estimated according to the data for 2014-2017, conclusions were drawn, and prospects for further research were outlined.
Combining the efforts of the rural population on the basis of cooperation allows solving many social and economic problems that contribute not only to increasing the efficiency of agricultural production, but also to the sustainable development of rural areas. The international and Russian experience of cooperation testifies to the need for actions aimed at developing cooperation at the local level, as well as systemic substantial support from regional and federal authorities. Low incomes, minimal needs for borrowed funds and other factors do not allow small businesses in rural areas to get timely access to credit resources. One of the main types of agricultural consumer cooperation, which contributes to an increase in the level of well-being in rural areas, is credit cooperation. The fragmentation of small forms of business, a low level of knowledge about the advantages of cooperation in rural areas, and low qualifications of personnel limit the spread of cooperative ideas, in particular credit cooperation, in rural areas. The presented activities are designed to improve the current situation in the region.
The issue of sustainable development of enterprises and organizations has been on the agenda of the business community for the past two decades. The world's best practices of corporate social responsibility are based on the principles of accountability and transparency, and voluntary standards either involve the use of measurable indicators or General principles of development. The metric approach based on the use of key performance indicators and indicators of socio-efficiency allows inter-firm comparisons when working with non-financial reports. A review of best corporate practices based on sustainable development reports from the Global Reporting Initiative Database of 36 of the world's largest companies in the agricultural sector allowed us to propose a set of indicators of socio-efficiency and to test our own methodology for calculating the value added retained by enterprises. We analyzed the structure of funds distributed by 16 enterprises for the period from 2016 to 2018, inclusive. We come to the conclusion that corporate social responsibility involves the management of not only financial resources, but also non-financial resources (human, etc.). At the same time, non-financial factors of development from the effects (including infrastructure development effects) of payments to external stakeholders (investors, government) may prevail over direct financial factors of payments to internal stakeholders (employees, shareholders) of the enterprise.