Digital transformation as a promising direction for modernizing the technical and technological base of economic systems is an object of strategic management and requires the formation of special mechanisms focused on solving the problems of digital development. It is proposed to understand the mechanism of digital transformation of agricultural producers as a set of structural and functional elements that ensure the initiation of digitalization processes of business entities and their management within the framework of the implementation of their digital development strategy. This mechanism is supposed to provide the ability to focus on various strategies and models of digitalization, due to the significant differentiation of entities in terms of the level of informatization of production and management processes and the possibilities of adequate financial support for digital transformation processes and allowing digital development within several scenarios of fragmented or complex digitalization. The main functions of the digital transformation mechanism are proposed to be considered in the context of three groups: preparation for digital transformation, its planning, and regulation. The radical nature of the digital transformation processes and the depth of their penetration into all spheres of human life objectively determine the emergence of certain difficulties in their initiation, manifested in the presence of various kinds of barriers. The assessment of the impact of the barriers limiting the possibility of mass implementation of digital technologies in the activities of agricultural producers was carried out based on the results of a survey among the managers and specialists of integrated agro-industrial formations and agricultural organizations, as well as the heads of peasant (farmer) enterprises in the Voronezh region, which made it possible to focus on those elements and functions of the digital transformation mechanism, which are associated with solving the problems of digital development, which have the status of a barrier.
Digital technologies can revolutionize agriculture, helping agricultural producers work more efficiently and rationally. Research and innovation are vital to facilitate and accelerate the digital transformation in agriculture and rural areas in order to improve the well-being of citizens and enterprises of the Ural Federal District. Strategic measures support the introduction of digital technologies, increased investment in research and development for new digital solutions, a critical assessment of the socio-economic consequences of digitalization and the need to restructure government support tools taking into account the effectiveness of agricultural production in the regional context. The agro-industrial complex of the Ural Federal District shows high production indicators, it has a powerful technical potential that can provide mechanization and automation of all processes in the production of crop and livestock products on a digital platform. However, certain regions of the district, such as the Kurgan region, are characterized by unacceptably low availability of social services to the population, primarily educational and medical organizations; a decrease in the population of rural areas; high poverty and unemployment among the rural population; Poor equipment of agricultural producers with agricultural machinery and equipment. In this regard, the need for a differentiated approach to the development of tools for state support for agricultural producers, taking into account the requirements of the digital age, is growing.
The article is devoted to the review of the state of agricultural production in conditions of restrictions due to the announcement of lockdown due to the global pandemic of coronavirus infection. Of particular value in the conditions of quarantine is the uninterrupted production of food and raw materials for further processing, as well as the creation of a strategic reserve of goods and food reserves. In the process of transforming economic relations, it is important to preserve the centuries-old way of life and traditions of the rural population, taking into account innovations in the economy and agribusiness, new challenges, threats and restrictions associated with the pandemic. Obviously, the use of outdated technologies and the organization of production in modern realities are impossible, but the preservation and multiplication of the true value system in agribusiness and agriculture is especially in demand during crisis periods, such as 2020. Therefore, the perception of not only the importance of ensuring one's own food independence, but also the results of economic activity is changing. Given the continued presence of the Russian economy under sanctions pressure, the ongoing transformation of the industry, the agricultural economy plays a key role in ensuring the stability of the entire macroeconomics of our society.
The article evaluates the functionality of tourist and recreational clusters according to five main indicators of the strategic development of domestic tourism. These indicators include: the share of funds from the federal budget, the creation of new jobs, the increase in tourist flow, the creation of new tourist infrastructure, and the attraction of funds from business. All indicators are presented in a single system for comparison, and the weight of each indicator relative to the development of the region was also taken into account. This analysis allows us to systematize the current situation and outline the prospects for the development of the cluster approach in tourism activities. The authors investigate the conceptual framework of the phenomenon-clustering. They compare it with cooperation, an institutional economic approach. The benefits and problems associated with this phenomenon are highlighted. The result of the study is a ranked list of the functional efficiency of tourist and recreational clusters in the regions of Russia, with the first three leaders identified and the successful experience of these projects summarized.
This article examines tax reforms in the modern economy and their impact on the investment process in agro-industrial complex. An assessment of main changes in the taxation of agro-industrial complex is given: the introduction of various taxation systems, the establishment of number of taxes and their rates, the impact of tax burden on investment processes. In initial periods of reforming tax legislation, taxes did not contribute to investment development, its subsequent changes led to an improvement in tax collection, a decrease in the tax burden and an intensification of the investment process in the economy as a whole and in agro-industrial complex, but a number of unresolved problems remain regarding the balance of taxation between industries and economic entities, subjects. Measures are proposed to eliminate the negative phenomena in taxation, and to intensify the investment process in agro-industrial complex with use of tax incentives and preferences to develop the agro-industrial complex.
The article presents the results of the analysis of the profitability of sales of six commercial rabbit breeding enterprises located in the Central Federal District for 2017-2019. The study of the dynamics of the values of this indicator allowed us to assert that three enterprises had an ambiguous situation, the Semirechye Agricultural Holding LCC and Krol and Co LLC had a positive trend in the profitability of sales, and the Peasant farm (LE) Agroholding "Krolkovo" had a negative one. Based on the results of the factor analysis, it was concluded that the change in revenue from sales of products, goods and the cost of sales had the greatest impact on the values of the profitability of sales of all the studied enterprises. Having considered the cumulative influence of factors on the studied indicator, we note that the positive dynamics of the cumulative influence of factors was observed in Kovrovsky rabbit LLC, Russian rabbit LLC, Semirechye Agricultural Holding LCC and Krol and Co LLC, and the negative dynamics in the Peasant farm (LE) Agroholding "Krolkovo"and Lipetsk Rabbit LLC, while during the study period the profit increased only in the Semirechye Agricultural Holding LCC and Krol and Co LLC. As a result, reserves for the growth of profitability of sales in the Peasant farm (LE) Agroholding "Krolkovo" and Lipetsk Rabbit LLC were proposed.
The retaliatory measures of the Russian government to the imposition of sanctions by the US and the EU against our country have aggravated the problems of the formation of the domestic cheese market, since the share of the imported product consumed by the inhabitants of Russia is quite high. Because of the sanctions, many of Russia’s favourite cheeses have disappeared from store shelves. The achieved volumes of domestic production could not compensate for the previously supplied volumes of imports. The reduction in the supply of cheeses in the domestic market has led to an unjustified increase in their prices. Despite the general decline in the population's ability to pay against the backdrop of the economic crisis, the demand for quality cheese is very high. Currently, there is still a shortage of these high quality products in the Russian Federation, and the existing supply has an unreasonably high price. The purpose of our study is to provide an economic justification for the creation of a modular cheese dairy with a capacity of up to 300 kg to replace high quality cheese products in an agricultural enterprise in the region. High gross indicators of milk production and high economic efficiency of production allow the farm to invest part of the money received in the form of net profit in the creation of its own cheese dairy. The phased launch of the cheese dairy equipment, taking into account the adjustment of production and distribution channels, sustainable entry into the market and the expansion of the range of products produced, significantly increase the investment attractiveness of this project.
The purpose of the study is to identify trends in the recovery and development of the hemp industry. The relevance of this study in the implementation of the provisions of the national food security doctrine and the import substitution plan is indicated. The historical path of the development of hemp farming is considered. The variety of hemp products is noted. The value, ecological properties of technical hemp and the reasons for the ban on its cultivation are indicated. The article analyzes the stages of the revival of hemp farming in Russia at the legislative, scientific, educational and public levels. A comparative characteristic of the economic efficiency of the directions of using hemp products is presented. The types of state support aimed at the development of the hemp industry are studied. The factors hindering the development of hemp farming in Russia are identified. The main directions of solving the problems of restoration and further development of hemp farming in Russia are shown. The restoration of domestic hemp production will allow us to fulfil the provisions of the national food security doctrine and the import substitution plan.
In modern conditions of globalization of economic processes, the development of the organic food market is taking place at a rapid pace, especially in large cities and megalopolises. Health benefits are a priority when urban dwellers choose these products. In the last year, taking into account the spread of the new coronavirus infection, there has been a trend in the development of demand, including for organic meat. The article presents the results of the analysis of the organic meat market in Russia, which allowed the authors to assess the strengths and weaknesses, as well as to analyze the opportunities and threats of the market development. Special attention is paid to the main trends in the development of the market for organic meat and meat products in accordance with the analysis of consumer preferences of the perceived quality characteristics in different groups of consumers. The analysis of the main parameters that are priority in the choice of products, in particular organic meat and meat products has been carried out. The prospects of this direction are considered.
In modern market conditions, agricultural producers use intensive methods of developing dairy cattle breeding. Robotic technologies used in dairy cattle breeding make their own adjustments to the technological processes on the farm and the process of milk production. In the course of the study, theoretical (analysis, synthesis, comparison) and empirical (analysis of scientific literature) research methods were used. Milk production in the Kaluga Region has a stable positive trend. This is due to the introduction of robotic technologies into the production process. In the transition from a classic farm to a robotic farm, producers need to change a lot in the structure of the farm and the technological processes of milk production. Applying robotic technologies on a dairy farm, it is necessary to pay special attention to the breed composition of animals, feeding technologies, physiological needs of animals, and timely veterinary control. These measures will increase the productivity of animals and will have a positive impact on the performance indicators of the dairy cattle industry.