The analysis of the actual state of development of domestic beet farming in comparison with the countries that provided the highest productivity of this sub-sector is carried out. It has been established that in the regime of large-scale sanctions imposed on the Russian economy, the growth in productivity of domestic beet farming observed over the past 20 years may end due to the forced simplification of production technology with high dependence on Western material and technical resources, including seeds, protective equipment and equipment. It has been established that in 2018-2022 favorable economic conditions for the cultivation and sale of sugar beet have developed in the Krasnodar Territory. It is noted that in the regime of large-scale sanctions imposed on the Russian economy, the productivity growth of domestic beet farming may end due to the forced simplification of production technology, depending on Western material and technical resources. Alternative options for increasing the volume and efficiency of domestic sugar beet production in these conditions in Russia are considered. The technological features of the organization of irrigation of the crop in question are determined, taking into account its need for moisture during the most important periods of vegetation. The statistical dependence of sugar beet yield on the level of moisture availability in July and August was revealed. The existing production experience of irrigation of agricultural crops in the Krasnodar Territory, including sugar beet, is analyzed. The assessment of the capital intensity of the organization of irrigation systems on various areas of crops with the use of Russian-made equipment and components has been carried out. Indicators of the economic effect of sugar beet irrigation using drip irrigation or sprinkling systems have been calculated. An assessment of the expected economic efficiency and riskiness of investments in projects for the organization of such systems on various crop areas has been carried out, taking into account the possibility of producers receiving state subsidies for the purchase of domestic irrigation equipment. The results obtained are compared with the results of research in a similar subject area published in leading periodicals
The article discusses the need to create a wholesale and logistics center at the regional level, as a universal tool for developing the infrastructure of the vegetable growing subcomplex. Problems in the functioning of the vegetable growing complex have been identified, consisting in low marketability of products in the absence of production capacity for storage, and a weak logistics component. Due to the lack of financial resources among agricultural producers and the long payback period, small businesses are not focused on the construction of modern high-tech vegetable storage facilities. Retailers are focused on large manufacturers capable of providing the required volume of products. The development of infrastructure at the regional level will solve these problems, taking into account the attraction of private investment and government support.
The analysis of foreign experience in the implementation of organic standards by farmers is carried out, which identifies target groups that could be encouraged to introduce organic farming and identifies the socio-economic characteristics of the most sustainably functioning organic farms. Using the method of factor analysis of the results of a survey of 51 farmers in the Leningrad region, socio-economic factors representing barriers to the formation of an organic farming community were identified. According to the results of the study, one of the main catalysts for the development of organic agriculture was allocated state aid at the regional and district levels. As measures to strengthen state support for organic farmers, it is proposed to adjust measures to allocate land plots to them within the framework of the Leningrad Hectare program, increase activity in providing consultations on the specifics of certification and simplify the search for means of production allowed for use in organic agriculture by local competence centers to eliminate information asymmetry among farmers interested in organic farming. Using the example of a certified organic farm in the Leningrad region, the methods and various methods of increasing sales are shown, including through the use of combined marketing strategies and the integration of farming into the value chain of organic products of different lengths. Organic farms need to think more carefully about their marketing policy and independently design short chains of organic products - due to the diversification of activities and the formation of an additional direction - agrotourism.
The article proposes to evaluate the inclusion of border regions in transboundary value chains based on an analysis of the structure of exported products by processing stages. This approach is used in the statistical methodology of the federal project “Export of Agricultural Products”. The authors analyze the structure of exports of agricultural products from the Altai Krai and the Altai Republic to the countries of Great Altai from the perspective of the depth of its processing.The study allowed us to conclude that the domestic added value of exported agricultural products from these regions is low and that they are included in forwardfood production chains, as well as to identify the main limitations and prospects for the participation of border agro-oriented regions in transboundary value chains in the Great Altai space.
The article considers the issues of innovative development of the country. Territories characterized by high indicators of innovation development have been identified. An assessment of the level of development of innovations in the Russian Federation in relation to other countries is given. We analyzed the indicators of innovative development of agriculture in Russia, identified industries that are more focused on the innovative path of development. The creation of an innovative territorial cluster is an objective necessity underlying the provision of scientific and technological competitiveness and food security.
The income level of the population is a significant indicator of the development of the country and the growth of consumer welfare. This indicator allows us to summarize in the system of macroparameters an understanding of the level and trends of development of increasing the welfare of the population and, as a result, shows an improvement in the quality of life. In developed countries, income differentiation is a favorable factor for development, as it indicates the accumulation of funds by different groups of the population, which in turn are invested in the country's economy, thereby ensuring its well-being. In developing countries, this process is not always natural due to the use of most of the income for personal consumption or the withdrawal of part of the capital to other countries. It is also important to understand the level of differentiation, since a significant difference in income levels between population groups is a serious threat to the political and economic stability of the country. This article is devoted, firstly, to the disclosure of the theoretical and methodological foundations of income differentiation of the population, taking into account the study of consumer segments of the food market as a fundamental market, taking into account the structure of funds spent in developing countries. The proposed method has been tested on the example of the Russian food market. The practical significance of the study lies in the development of the fundamental principles of segmentation, the main criterion of which is the level of income of the population in order to most effectively assess the situation on the food market in Russia.
The article is devoted to the development of the theory of sustainable agricultural production and the development of scientific, methodological and practical recommendations for adapting the management of sustainable agricultural production to the conditions of digital transformation. To this end, the author systematized and summarized the best international experience of the top 25 countries in the world, whose production most actively uses digital technologies in 2023. As a result, a new vision of the consequences of automation of agricultural production for its sustainability is presented. It is substantiated that digital technologies are closely interconnected and should be applied in a complex: a synergistic effect of systemic automation of agricultural production for its sustainability is revealed. The author's conclusions contribute to the development of a methodology for using advanced digital technologies to ensure the sustainability of agricultural production by substantiating the preference for complex integration of technologies and proposed a systemic implementation of technologies in the agricultural economy. The mechanism for managing the sustainability of agricultural production has been improved: for a balanced consideration of the interests of stakeholders and their comprehensive implementation, automation of agricultural production based on artificial intelligence, big data, the Internet of things and cloud technologies is proposed. The technologies are ranked by the author according to their importance for the sustainability of agricultural production: the most important are big data, followed by cloud technologies, then the Internet of things, the least important, but also important is artificial intelligence. A forecast is made for achieving complete sustainability of agricultural production in Russia through the optimization of the use of digital technologies. The proposed set of recommendations for adapting the management of sustainable agricultural production to the conditions of the digital transformation of the agricultural economy in Russia will improve the efficiency of management of domestic agricultural production.
The article presents the results of the analysis of the main indicators of the activities of the fisheries complex of the Kamchatka Territory based on the averaged indicators of the largest enterprises in the industry for the period 2018-2023. A study of the most important financial indicators of enterprises - liquidity, financial stability, activity efficiency, which characterize not only the stability of the activities of enterprises, but also are the most important elements of sustainability of the development of the industry. The analysis revealed a negative trend in the development of enterprises, a significant decrease in efficiency indicators, an increase in financial risks and financial dependence of enterprises. Directions are proposed that contribute to increasing the sustainability of the development of fisheries enterprises and reducing susceptibility to external factors.
The relevance of the study of the connections at agro-industrial formations is due to the tasks of increasing the efficiency of food production, increasing the export of these products to the markets of Asian countries. The purpose of this study is to assess the model of interaction of economic entities within the agro-industrial cluster formations of the Russian Federation. The main scientific hypothesis of the study is the assumption of the inclusion of organizations related to various sectors of the economy in agro-industrial clusters, which contributes to the manifestation of cluster effects. The study allowed us to obtain the following results: firstly, the structure of relationships between organizations within the agrocluster of the Chelyabinsk region was identified, secondly, it was concluded that the structure of relationships is distributed, stable feedbacks were identified for two organizations related to the construction and crop services industries, stable direct links are characteristic of the industries of flour production from grain crops, cereals and granules from grain crops and pasta production, thirdly, the identified structure of the agro-industrial cluster allows modifying development programs by targeted impact on its participants.
The paper presents an investment model aimed at optimizing financial and industrial policy in agriculture, which will allow for more efficient management of investment flows and stimulate economic growth in the industry. The study analyzed current trends in the management of investment activities in the AIC, identified key factors influencing the volume and direction of investments in agricultural projects, such as the technological level, government support and the structure of demand for products. The research methodology is based on the use of economic and mathematical forecasting methods that allow estimating the optimal investment volumes for various segments of the agro-industrial sector. The models used take into account the specifics of the functioning of agriculture in the context of sanctions pressure and the need to reorient to the domestic market. The results of the study show that the implementation of the proposed investment model can significantly increase the efficiency of capital use, reduce risks associated with changes in the external economic environment, and promote the development of modern technologies in the agricultural sector. The model was tested using individual segments of agriculture as an example, which made it possible to assess its applicability in real conditions and confirm the significance of the proposed approaches. This approach can be used as a tool for developing recommendations on investment policy aimed at ensuring long-term sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex, increasing its competitiveness in the domestic and foreign markets, and achieving food security for the country.