The article analyzes the current state of the reproduction process in agriculture of the Ulyanovsk region, as well as trends and patterns of changes in indicators of the efficiency of the use of fixed assets in the region. The article is supported by the results of deterministic factorial analysis. The research allowed making a forecast of the reproduction indicators and the efficiency of the use of fixed assets of the agricultural complex of the Ulyanovsk region. Analytical alignment of the dynamics allows identifying a predominantly positive trend of changes in the indicators. Despite the positive dynamics of the indicators of the efficiency of the use of fixed assets, the margin of safety of agricultural enterprises of the Ulyanovsk region is small. Therefore, it will be difficult for the industry to maintain the competitiveness of production and released product without radical changes in the formation of the material and technical base. These changes in modern conditions are only possible with the state support in the agricultural sector of the economy.
Agriculture is the most important sector of the economy of the Ulyanovsk region, creating more than 8‰ of the gross regional product. The specifics of the activities of agricultural enterprises are determined by the influence of not only market, but also climatic conditions. The potential of enterprises is the basis on which the safe state of functioning of economic entities is based in conditions of protection from external and internal threats. The research of scientists is aimed to a large extent at the general analysis of the economic security of the enterprise and does not solve the problem of developing a set of measures that ensure the strengthening of the economic security of agricultural enterprises. In order to develop the necessary measures to strengthen the economic security of agricultural organizations, we need to analyze the current situation. The calculation of the integral index of economic security showed that most of the agricultural organizations of the Ulyanovsk region are characterized by a low level of economic security.
Methods for determining the creditworthiness of economic entities, including agricultural enterprises, have been widely studied in the works of various domestic and foreign scientists. They cover both theoretical approaches in the form of characteristics of methodological aspects to assessing creditworthiness, and practical recommendations for improving the solvency and creditworthiness of agricultural enterprises. The methodology for assessing the creditworthiness recommended by Rosselkhozbank takes into account the specifics of agricultural production and the financial characteristics of the activities of agricultural producers, but does not allow assessing the degree of influence of each individual factor on the integral level of creditworthiness. The use of mathematical approaches to assessing the impact of each of the financial condition indicators included in the model on the creditworthiness level expands the possibilities of using the indicative model in predicting the creditworthiness level of economic entities. The assessment of the influence of factors on the level of creditworthiness was carried out according to the accounting statements of 160 agricultural enterprises of the Ulyanovsk region for 2019 using the method of statistical grouping, which confirms the reliability of the results obtained and the objectivity of the study. The degree of dependence of each of the grouping characteristics and the integral indicator of creditworthiness is traced based on the construction of linear trends. The indicators included in the model were the financial condition ratios recommended by the industry bank.
The article considers the principles of sustainable development and the origin of the category "stability of agricultural production" in Russia. The importance of various mechanisms of public-private partnership (further - PPP) in its translation into the innovative path of development is shown. It was noted that PPP has the potential to mobilize funds from various sources, experience in sharing risks, benefits among stakeholders and interaction with development institutions. An analysis of the implementation of PPP mechanisms in the country showed that they are at an initial stage of development, which is associated with the inadequacy of the legislative framework and high risks of investing in agricultural production. The main PPP tools for modernization of the agricultural sector of the economy are considered and the model of interaction between its participants is justified.
The article presents the results of the assessment of spatial development of rural territories at the subject and municipal levels. The assessment results show the presence of unevenness of spatial development of rural territories in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the predominance among them of subjects with a low level of spatial development of rural territories, as well as the deterioration of the situation in dynamics. It is shown that the subjects with a low and extremely low level of development are mainly rural territories of the North and the Far East, in which there are high and medium-developed areas at the municipal level and the regions themselves lead in the export of products of animal origin, that is, they have growth potential. The Spatial Development Strategy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025 was also analyzed, the need for its updating was justified, and measures were proposed to improve it. It is necessary to form an effective system for managing the spatial development of the agricultural sector of the economy with its specific methods and forms, to synchronize the spatial organization of agriculture and the socio-economic development of rural territories.
In the context of import substitution, increasing attention is paid to the activation of agricultural producers, including small businesses. For this purpose, the most effective form of state aid – grants-has been selected. Such budget financing is aimed at developing the initiative and stimulating the activities of peasant (farmer) farms and agricultural consumer cooperatives. At the same time, grant support is provided through an individual approach, contributing to the creation of new business entities, as well as the consolidation of existing ones. In this regard, the features of state financing of agricultural producers in the form of grants in the Krasnoyarsk Territory are considered.
In the article, the authors consider the mechanism of technology transfer as a dynamic system that is formed under the influence of organizational and administrative, financial and economic, technological and environmental, innovative, and social factors. A method is proposed to improve the efficiency of the technology transfer system. The method of forming a technology transfer system is recommended for optimizing the quantitative and qualitative use of the information base of the digital space. The method takes into account six types of technology transfer and involves the choice of one of four options for development strategies or a combination of them. It involves remote monitoring of changes in the information field, consideration of the interactions of technology transfer participants during the creation of projects, the use and subsequent adjustment of the results of scientific achievements, and comparison of potential benefits with actual data. Acknowledgments: The reported study was funded by RFBR, project number 20-010-00324.
Livestock and poultry farms are an important part of national economic production. In Russia, many livestock industries are actively developing, which have impressive economic efficiency and can bring significant profits not only to a particular farmer, but also ensure an increase in domestic gross product throughout the country. To maintain constant readiness for the timely and effective functioning of enterprises and organizations of the agro-industrial complex, as well as private farms, it is necessary to ensure safety, including fire. In order to prevent the occurrence of fires at agro-industrial complex facilities, it is necessary to conduct a full range of fire prevention events and strictly observe fire safety rules based on effective management decisions. Current knowledge of fire hazards for animals is not always taken into account, for example, when developing an animal evacuation plan. No one takes into account that in the event of a fire, as well as even just sunbathing in the premises in which animals are kept, the conditions threatening their lives are created almost instantly. The article analyses statistical data, the number of fires, destroyed and saved heads of farm animals and poultry by the main groups of fire objects in the Russian Federation as a whole for 2016-2020 years. The main indicators of the death of farm animals and poultry at various objects of agricultural purpose in terms of one million of the total number of heads, as well as in terms of one fire, are considered. Based on the analysis, recommendations were made on making changes to the fire accounting system and their consequences carried out by the Russian Emergencies Ministry.
The article proves that one of the key conditions for expanding the export opportunities of the food and processing industries is to increase their competitiveness both in the domestic and foreign markets. Arguments are given in favour of choosing the theory of competitiveness of M. Porter as the main approach to the study of the competitiveness of the food and processing industry, since it allows you to identify and systematize the factors that affect the level of competitiveness of the analyzed object. The dynamics of the processes of export and import of food products for the period from 2010 to 2019 is estimated. As a specific tool in the process of distributing state aid to regional processing industries, an algorithm is proposed to identify the limits of the ratio of indicators of domestic production, export and import of food, taking into account the value of the general integral indicator developed by the author, which is a combined characteristic of the specific features of the state of the local food and processing industry. The measures of appropriate state support to the food industry sectors within the formed groups of regions are summarized.
In a time of global economic crisis and pandemic, Food and agricultural organization of U.N.O. and other international organizations in the issues of food systems functioning proceed from the inclusive approach to their development. This stipulates the involving of all resources and all groups of rural population into the production of food products, creating of equal possibilities for all participants in supply chains in the agrifood sector. In addition, the concept of inclusive development is directed to the increase of living standards and inclusion of the majority of people in the economic activity. Job creation will allow of decreasing the unemployment level, and paid employment will contribute to the income growth and affordability of food products. Inclusive development of national food systems should contribute to the solution of the hunger and malnutrition problem on the global level. For Russia, the inclusiveness in agrifood system consists in the stable development of all categories of agricultural commodity producers, provision of equal access to the state support and commodity markets. This will allow of decreasing labour migration of the agricultural population and contributing to the development of rural territories. Inclusiveness is also directed to the decrease of regional differentiation by the level of social and economic development. Provision of physical and economic availability of food products for all groups of population will contribute to the forming of stable domestic market, increase of population nutrition quality, social stability in the society. Increase of agricultural products and food export stipulates for the competitiveness of domestic agrifood complex and budget replenishment at the expense of non-energy export.