The main modern problems of the peculiarities of the formation of the investment climate in the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation are considered. It was noted that the state policy was and is being carried out most actively in relation to support, first of all, investment activity in agriculture. To a lesser extent, the investment policy concerned business entities of the processing industry. These trends, unfortunately, persist today, which leads to a growing imbalance in the development of these two interconnected industries. Ultimately, this approach in the management of the agro-industrial complex caused a decrease in the rate of introduction of new progressive technologies, solving the problems of modernization, and the use of artificial intelligence. It has been determined that the investment attractiveness of the agro-industrial complex at the present stage of development of economic relations largely depends on the formation of trust in market relations based on digital technologies. A range of proposals for improving the investment climate is outlined, including mechanisms and tools for interaction with the governing bodies of the agro-industrial complex in the context of the digitalization of agriculture.
The article presents the results of a study of investments in the agro-industrial complex, identifies trends in the Siberian Federal District as a whole and its regions. On the example of the Kemerovo region – Kuzbass, the factors that have a significant impact on the development of the agro-industrial complex of the industrial region are systematized. It is established that the specifics of the region's economy slows down the development of the agro-industrial complex, since most of the investments are directed to the extractive and processing industries. In such conditions, the fundamental factor in the development of the agro-industrial complex of the region on an innovative basis is the creation of conditions for industrial enterprises - investors in the agro-industrial complex, which will attract investment in an industry that is of key importance for improving the quality of life of the population.
The article is devoted to the formation of a new paradigm for improving the state agrarian scientific and technical policy, taking into account the new realities of the development of the agrarian sector of the country's economy. The state scientific and technical policy in the agro-industrial complex is considered as sectoral. An important component of the agrarian policy of the state should be a sectoral scientific and technical policy aimed at the effective use of scientific and technical potential, increasing the role of sectoral science in the recovery of the agro-industrial economy, ensuring the competitiveness of products, progressive structural transformations in the agrarian sector of the country's economy. The authors formulated and scientifically substantiated the main conceptual provisions regarding the formation of a long-term (until 2035) state agrarian policy. In the end, we are talking about allocating as a priority problem of research for the coming years the development of a new Strategy for the scientific and innovative development of the agricultural sector of the economy for the near and distant future until 2035.
The article analyzes the efficiency of using the main factors of agricultural production in the Novosibirsk region and based on the data obtained; promising technologies for improving efficiency are proposed. In addition to economic efficiency, these technologies should not harm agro ecosystems and support social well-being. These are the basic principles of sustainable agricultural production. Production functions were used as the main analysis tool. The analysis of the parameters of the constructed models showed that the increase in agricultural production in the region is due to the intensification and increase in the capacity of machinery and equipment. New agricultural machinery displaces labour from the production process. Such intensification of agricultural production, despite its economic efficiency, harms the environment. At the same time, the main factors of production – labour and capital are used inefficiently. Therefore, the priority technologies of agricultural production in the region should be technologies that increase its efficiency by saving resources, increasing labour productivity, as well as environmentally friendly. These are genetic technologies for increasing the productivity of farm animals and plants, agro ecological technologies and precision agriculture technologies.
The paper analyzes certain economic aspects of the development of seed production in Russia in the context of deepening integration into the EAEU. The main problems hindering the development of breeding and seed production are summarized and directions for their solution are outlined, including through the development of public-private partnerships, additional measures of state support and regulation, as well as the adoption of appropriate regulatory legal acts in the field of breeding and seed production. The contribution of breeding to crop productivity has been estimated at 30-70 per cent in recent decades and experts estimate that its role will increase as negative climatic trends increase. To sustainably provide the population of the EAEU member states with food, it is necessary to implement a policy of steady growth based on their own resources in the agricultural sector.
In article the task of management quality improvement in the sphere of small and medium business is considered. Application of Knowledge Discovery in Databases and Data Mining will allow increasing quality of the accepting management decisions that directly affects success of business. It causes relevance of research. An object of research is Data Mining. In the course of the research by means of expert poll three main problems were revealed: the management personnel do not know absolutely about Data Mining; lack of the specialized software at the enterprises for data mining; absence of the qualified personnel for implementation of Data Mining and results interpretation. The technique of Data Mining application in work of the small and medium business organizations and enterprises is developed for improvement of the management decisions quality on the basis of the gained new knowledge. Technique stages are listed and opened. Results of approbation a technique on the example the «Sklad59.ru» company by means analytical software «Deductor Academic» are presented. As an example, on the basis of data sales are carried out: forecasting of the general sales, forecasting of sales on groups and separate goods; analysis a consumer basket, cluster analysis, statistical and qualitative analytics. The offered technique will allow increasing quality of administrative management at the small and medium business enterprises.
In the context of the transition to a new technological order, improving the efficiency of scientific research is one of the strategic priorities for ensuring national security and achieving a new quality of scientific, technological and economic development of Russia. High interregional differentiation in terms of natural and climatic conditions and the level of investment provision acts as a significant constraint in the formation of new export positions, which actualizes the problem of improving the state investment policy. The purpose of the study: to assess the impact of investments in agricultural science on the technological development of agricultural systems based on the construction of models by modifying the Cobb-Douglas production function, to determine the optimal level of investment in agricultural science in order to reduce interregional differentiation of technological development. The study of assessing the impact of investments in agricultural science on the technological development of agricultural systems is based on the hypothesis put forward: the multiplicative efficiency of investments in agricultural science is achieved under the condition of a faster growth in agricultural production compared with the growth rate of investments in fixed assets of agriculture. Empirically, the hypothesis was confirmed by calculations using the methodological tools of the Cobb –Douglas function, calculations were carried out to determine the optimal level of investment in agricultural science. The study of the cost effectiveness of agricultural science was conducted on the example of the regions of the Volga Federal District. The results of calculations show that in the regional context, the financing of scientific research is practically not related to the volume of production and the level of technological development of agriculture, in connection with which methodological approaches were proposed and calculations of the optimal level of investment in agricultural science were carried out taking into account the technological development of agricultural organizations.
The continuous increase in the level of digitalization of the world economy, the economy of our country, all its spheres and industries cannot but have an impact on rural areas. On the one hand, this influence affects the increase in the availability of services, services and opportunities that were previously unknown to the rural economy and the population, but on the other hand, the development of digitalization in rural areas is proceeding at a slower pace, based on the characteristics of the remoteness, the length of the territories and the small population. However, today we cannot talk about sustainable development of rural areas without modern technologies that are characteristic of the digital economy of the present and future. Only through the participation of rural areas can the creation of a single information and communication space of the country be possible.
The article presents the economic substantiation of the development of small business in rural areas and small towns for the development of aquaculture. The motivators for organizing production of products from microalgae have been identified. The most promising areas of the national economy for the consumption of products from microalgae are presented - plant growing, animal husbandry, poultry farming, fish farming, medicine, cosmetology and rehabilitation of natural reservoirs. With the help of economic and mathematical modeling, the efficiency of the production of aquaculture products by an entrepreneur is shown and the entrepreneurial capacity of the region for the development of aquaculture and the production of algal products is calculated. The integrated capacity of the entrepreneurial potential at the level of 7.63% indicates a low awareness and interest of rural entrepreneurs in the development of the pond business, in the production of products from microalgae. The proposed cognitive-cluster model for the vector - "potential for the production of aquaculture products" allows regional authorities to substantiate the toolkit for supporting and stimulating small businesses to produce innovative products. The results of surveys of residents of the Volgograd region (Kotelnikovo) showed that the most famous products are from the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis (76% of the respondents), they would like to use them in animal husbandry and fish farming as producers of valuable metabolites. The increasing anthropogenic interference with hydrological objects has led to a reduction in the natural food base of fish farming, the emergence of the effect of "water bloom". Cultivation of the strain Chlorella vulgaris IGF No. С-111 can become a promising direction for the improvement of natural reservoirs and activation of food chains in the pond business. The computer program of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution VNIIOZ allows calculating the necessary need for using this strain: "An artificial intelligence system for algolization of freshwater bodies of the South of Russia with the strain Chlorella vulgaris IGF C-111 per water surface area".
Rural areas play an important role in the social and economic development of the Russian Federation. The remoteness and vastness of rural areas must be balanced by their integration into the digital environment, which provides for a single information and communication space. Digital rural areas are, first of all, a social and innovative environment that ensures the availability of socially significant services, and an industrial and innovative environment that ensures the technological modernization of agriculture. The combination of socio-innovative and industrial-innovative environment forms the concept of digital transformation of rural areas. This approach makes it possible to diversify economic activities in rural areas, and, at the same time, preserve the natural and climatic balance, as well as, using digital technologies; rural residents have the opportunity to receive socially significant services online, thereby increasing the quality of life and attractiveness, these territories.