Rabbit breeding – perspective branch of animal husbandry which doesn't gain now due development. The pent-up demand for rabbit meat makes more than 300 thousand tons per year. Rabbit breeding can be an additional source of providing with meat production of the population. Authors presented methodical approaches to creation of the federal program of development of rabbit breeding in Russia which realization will allow increasing several times production within the next 6 years. Main objectives of the program are the increase in production of rabbit breeding and further effective use of operating capacities, creation of new workplaces, and improvement of a social status of employees of branch. For participation in the program the region has to provide construction projects, to a guarantee of funds from investors and a guarantee of means of the regional budget. Development of branch of rabbit breeding in Russia can become the effective instrument of decrease in a share of import of meat and ensuring food security of the country, improvement of quality of food and strengthening of health of the nation.
The author considered the main features and problems of development of branch of pig-breeding which became aggravated after joining of Russia to the WTO: growth of volumes of import because of decrease in the customs duties, reduction of prices of pork hulks and live pigs is lower than a cost, the excess offer of pork for the domestic meat-processing enterprises, a sharp rise in prices for the fodder grain, brought to growth of prime cost by 25‰, epidemic of the African plague of pigs. All this led to delay of implementation of investment projects, considerable decrease in profitability. It is predicted that by the end of 2013 in branch only zero profitability will be restored. Return of domestic pig-breeding to landslide level of operational performance of 2005 and decrease thus pork outputs on 1,2 million tons in live weight will lead to decrease in predicted gross domestic product on 200 billion rubles, loss of 25 thousand workplaces and also reduction of the budgetary income.
The author analyzes the market of the Komi Republic by types of production of poultry farming: meat of broilers, their parts, semi-finished products from fowl. The most considerable share of the market is the share directly of semi-finished products from meat of hens and broilers, of sausages boiled of fowl and of sausages half-smoked. Republican producers of meat of hens and broilers provide no more than 35‰ of requirement of the population in this type of production. On the basis of these calculated coefficients the conclusion that in the market of meat of hens and chickens of broilers, production of deep processing of fowl there was a market type with moderate concentration is drawn. Actions for improvement of competitiveness of production of poultry farming by the made local producers are offered, and also offers on branch development, including development of transport infrastructure are given; improvement of regulatory base; reconstruction and modernization of the enterprises; creation of effective logistic system; compensation of the high price at the expense of more quality production; expansion of sales markets at the expense of increase in the product range from meat of turkeys, geese and quails.
The cattle breeding of the country represents the agriculture subsector which development is defined, first of all, by tendencies and parameters of functioning of agro-industrial complex. For the solution of problems of development of cattle breeding and deepening of territorial and branch division of labor it is necessary to overcome a tendency of reduction in production of meat of cattle. Analyzing the state support of branch on regions the author draws a conclusion that in the majority of regions her size counting on ruble of gross output is too small to have essential impact. In the same place, where this indicator is considerable, increase in production can't be big because of the extremely adverse bioclimatic conditions though support, certainly, has here impact, keeping production. When forming the state support it is inexpedient to be guided only by return of investments counting on a unit of production.
Basic provisions of questions of the theory of development of consumer cooperation reveal. Various points of view of scientists on development of consumer cooperation in agriculture are generalized. Authors consider consumer cooperatives as a component of system of the competitive free business, allowing to provide to producers of agricultural production achievement of specific goals, namely: a) competitiveness in the market of agricultural production and supply; b) not to allow a rise in prices at advance of agricultural production from producers to consumers; c) to create for itself system of various economic and social services, including and providing with the credits due to own accumulation and savings. Agriculture development, according to authors, confirms the statements of scientists provided in article on development of consumer cooperatives. Observance of the fundamental principles and conditions of cooperation opens a way to effective joint activity.
Level and dynamics of development of agricultural consumer cooperation in a dairy sub complex of the Ulyanovsk region in 2008-2012 is investigated. Decrease in production in population farms became the reason of reduction in production of milk in the Ulyanovsk region. It is possible to keep small shape of managing in the village due to development of system of agricultural consumer cooperation. In dairy branch of the Ulyanovsk region authors estimated a level of development of agricultural consumer cooperation as insufficient, having calculated the specific weight of the milk realized through system of consumer cooperation, in a total amount of its production. Through system of consumer cooperation passed in 2012 only 8,2‰ from made in the field of milk, including 10,1‰ - from the milk made in farms of the population. For farms of the population and country (farmer) farms absence or a poor development of agricultural consumer cooperation significantly complicates possibilities of realization of milk.
Article is devoted to a subject of development of agricultural credit consumer cooperation. Actions of the project VTsP "About Development of Agricultural Cooperation for 2014-2016" are considered. The recommendations allowing significantly to expand possibilities of realization of measures of offered by the draft of the departmental target program are offered: at calculation of the "Gain of Number of Members of Consumer Cooperatives" indicator separately to allocate a gain of number of members of SKPK; at justification of requirement for resources for achievement of the objectives and results of the Program to distribute allocated resources separately on the organization of consumer cooperation and separately on agricultural consumer cooperatives; to increase the amount of money, allocated for compensation of part of expenses for payment of percent of 100 percent of a rate of refinancing by the purposes of replenishment of funds of financial mutual aid to 1320 million rubles.
In the publication problem questions people around social the labor sphere of the modern village are taken up. Tendencies and prospects of migration of able-bodied population of villages, including youth are shined. For the last 20 years there was a sharp decline in production and deterioration of a financial position of agricultural producers that caused sharp decrease in a standard of living of country people which and now remains to the lowest. During research survey of young specialists and rural youth by results of which the priority directions in social and economic development of territories with peculiar problems are defined was conducted. Authors prove need of development of consecutive and constantly operating system of the measures directed on change of stereotypes about "rural life" and formation of conditions for comfortable accommodation of citizens of able-bodied age, including and youth.
In article main types of efficiency in relation to agriculture are considered. For efficiency measurement by types criteria and indicators are offered. Competitiveness of the country can't be high if in its development there is an obvious distortion towards one of criteria - economic or social. Priority in the social sphere - a sustainable development of rural territories as an indispensable condition of preservation of a manpower and territorial integrity of the country, creation of conditions for ensuring economic and physical availability of food on the basis of rational norms of consumption of foodstuff for vulnerable segments of the population.
In article need of state regulation of agrarian and industrial complex of Kazakhstan, and also mechanisms of support of the food market and agricultural producers is considered. Development of agro-industrial complex of Kazakhstan has to take place in three main directions: labor productivity growth, ensuring food security of the country, realization of an export potential, first of all is the markets of the countries of the Customs union, Central Asia, the Caucasus and the Middle East. The agriculture in all large countries of the world develops in the conditions of strong state support. The volume of subsidies of rural economy is in Kazakhstan at the level of 5‰. For agricultural production support on 1 hectare of an arable land in Kazakhstan it is allocated means ($17,1) nearly 6 times less, than in Canada ($83), is 30 times less, than in the USA ($412), is 77 times less, than in EU ($1112). Despite annual increase in the state support, agriculture of Kazakhstan develops weak rates. The share of agriculture in the total amount of gross domestic product decreased with 8,7 to 5‰. For providing equal conditions domestic producers in the light of the entry of the WTO, and also membership in the Customs Union About level of the state support need to bring to the corresponding coordinated indicators within integration processes.