Grain and foodstuff made from it make a basis of life support of the person owing to what level of shower consumption of grain is one of the main criteria of world and national food security. The market demand is formed not on a foodgrain as a whole, and on its separate types, on the same grain of the different quality, different target use. The market of a foodgrain developed more steadily in comparison with other segments that was defined by difficult interaction of a set of internal and external factors: the developed long-term practice of self-sufficiency of regions by the food, high economic interest of producers of commodity grain, chronic quantitative and qualitative deficiency of separate types of grain, rather stable market demand for separate types of a foodgrain, orientation of certain regions to wheat export. In article features of development of the Russian market of a foodgrain, including wheat, a rye, millet, a buckwheat, rice are opened, the assessment of a current state is given and the main tendencies of its functioning are revealed, problems of formation and possible solutions of development of the national grain market are considered.
The beet sugar subcomplex is dynamically developing segment of the food market with quite created production infrastructure. 87,6‰ of production of sugar beet are concentrated now in the agricultural organizations and 12‰ in country (farmer) farms. The weak material base of beet breeding and sugar industry doesn't allow to increase considerably production of sugar beet and leads to unjustified losses of sugar at its transportation, storage and the processing, the losses exceeding in 1,5 time allowed in the countries industrially developed the sakharoproizvodyashchikh. Put program actions for development of a beet sugar subcomplex and the translation it will allow to increase a sugar exit by model of innovative development to 14,5-14,9‰, to reduce power consumption to 3,5-3,9‰ of tons of conditional fuel to the mass of processed beet, to cut down water expenses twice and to involve secondary resources of production in economic circulation. In article the role of the market of beet sugar production is reflected in ensuring food security, satisfaction of a consumer demand of the population and prospect of development of a beet sugar subcomplex of the country. The offered actions will allow to recover the market of beet sugar production and to increase efficiency of its functioning
In article the main directions and stages of development of production of flax reveal, origin of flax-growing economic activity is shined, strategic prospects of development of a flax-growing subcomplex are shined, various ways in development of production of flax are stated, foreign experience of development of production of flax, approaches of the countries of Europe and America to maintaining a flax-growing subcomplex is shined. Development of production of flax in the country restrains a disproportion of the prices of the material resources delivered to a flax-growing subcomplex. Reduction of cultivated areas of flax in recent years almost as appropriate reduces collecting a flax fiber by a quarter and conducts to underutilization of capacities of flax-processing plants. For ensuring competitiveness in this market it is necessary to deliver high-quality production, and for increase of profitability of production of flax it is necessary to observe technology, to apply high-yielding seeds, to reduce expenses, to apply high-performance cars and the equipment on all operations technological chains.
Formation of complete innovative system is an indispensable condition of providing the competitive status of the country. In article the innovative capacity of the organizations of agro-industrial complex, including security with equipment is considered. The volume of investment into fixed capital of agriculture of Russia is presented. Experience of stimulation of use of achievements of science and technology is investigated, in various regions of Russia and some foreign countries, in particular, the attention to expenses to technological innovations in agrarian and industrial complex is paid to activization of all managing subjects of the scientific and technical sphere of agrarian and industrial complex.
Authors revealed the main tendencies and prerequisites of development of agrarian sector of economy of the Belgorod region. The major factors constraining development of agrarian sector of economy of the Belgorod region: lack of own financial resources, considerable cost of innovations, the long period of return on investment in innovations, a lack of the highly skilled personnel. In article the role and a place of innovations in a context of conducting economic activity within norms and rules of the WTO is scientifically proved. Innovations can be considered, how the technological decisions reducing a time log of transition of agricultural producers from one technological way to another. The innovative way of development of agrarian sector of national economy as a whole and the Belgorod region, in particular can create those prerequisites which will provide competitive advantages to domestic agricultural producers in the conditions of housekeeping within norms and rules of member countries of the WTO.
The solution of social problems of the Russian village is a component of reproduction process in agriculture. The analysis of a modern social and economic situation and reforming course in agriculture testify to an inaccuracy of the chosen strategy and tactics of social and economic transformations. In article the major destabilizing factors of the social sphere in agriculture on the example of the Kurgan region for which the high share of branch and country people is characteristic are considered. The author defined need for objects of social infrastructure for the region, offers on formation and use of social standards in agrarian sector of economy are given, to improvement of personnel policy in agriculture of subsidized territories.
In article the main ways of increase of stability of agrarian and industrial complex are considered: industrialization, modernization, increase of profitability of agriculture due to improvement of state regulation, development of integration processes in agrarian and industrial complex, development of market infrastructure, creation of competitive advantages, creation of competitive advantages. The author offers measures for improvement of elements of the organizational and economic mechanism of implementation of the program of Kazakhstan "Agrobusiness-2020".
The essence of system approach in a program goals management, its contents in modern conditions of managing is considered. On the basis of statistical data the assessment of development of agriculture of Russia and food security is given. The author opens social and economic problems of the village: reduction in production, cultivated areas, practically animal husbandry elimination, growth of level of poverty in the village. The principles of formation and the mechanism of development of regional systems of conducting agro-industrial production are proved. For a sustainable development of agrarian sector of economy the author offers: to reconsider an agrarian policy, providing serious updating of normative documents; to stir up activity of heads and specialists in use of internal reserves of production on the basis of improvement organizationally - the economic mechanism of managing, introduction of effective technologies; to intensify development of systems of conducting agro-industrial production in regions. Only system approach in a program goals management will provide an agriculture and agrarian and industrial complex exit from prolonged system crisis, will allow to overcome import food dependence of the country.
The level of development of scientific and technical potential of agricultural science indicates possibility of the scientific organizations to create a certain amount of results of scientific activity. Scientific and technical potential consists of several components: personnel, material, organizational, financial, etc. During the analysis of a personnel component of development of branch the tendency of stable decrease in number of scientific shots, their imbalance on age, a reproduction problem is revealed. The author conducted selective examination among agricultural sciences of research institutes subordinated to the former Russian academy which showed lag in innovative development, a low demand of results of researches. Low level of innovative development is a consequence of an unsatisfactory financial and economic condition of agricultural producers. The directions of the state innovative policy in have to consist in keeping the saved-up scientific and technical potential in the maximum degree, to create necessary infrastructure and to develop the mechanisms stimulating not only development of innovative processes, but also activization of development of their results.
Uniform providing the population with fresh vegetables and fruit, and also products of their processing within a year - result of effective work of a fruit and vegetable subcomplex. Krasnodar Krai has favorable climatic conditions and has fertile soils, therefore vegetable growing for Kuban - one of specialization branches. Dynamics of production of vegetables and fruits in the region is caused by the general tendencies of crisis of agrarian and industrial complex. In 2012 recommended norms consumption of plodovoovoshchny production were observed only for 58‰. The state support and control over observance of parity of the prices of an agricultural and industrial output, preferential crediting, the budgetary financing, regulation of the customs duties is necessary for agriculture. These measures will allow to strengthen food security of edge and to raise a standard of living of villagers.