Efficiency of functioning of agrarian sector of economy substantially is defined by perfection of the price mechanism in system of relationship of partners of agrarian and industrial complex. In article pricing questions in domestic market of milk in Russia are considered, these distributions of expenses and the income between the producer and the processor of milk are given, the questions of purchase of milk raw materials outside the Russian Federation and the losses of domestic producer connected with it are raised. Data of farms of the Ryazan region are provided as a practical example. The analysis of the actual distribution of the income on 1 liter of milk showed the greatest payback of production expenses in the retail trade which income exceeds expenses twice. And only 9,9‰ over the expenses are received by the agricultural producer. Current situation defines level of profitability of production of milk
In article some features of development of small business on the example of the Ryazan region are considered, the main tendencies of structural changes in small business are revealed, suggestions for improvement of regional policy concerning the enterprises of small and medium business are given. The tendency of spasmodic changes in creation and bankruptcy of the enterprises of small and medium business could look more smoothed and is predictable depending on more weighed policy of regional authorities. Increase of efficiency of this sector of economy would be carried out generally on groups of companies steadily supporting region economy as a whole and its main segments of the market.
One of main goals of technical modernization is increase of energy efficiency of agricultural production. Channelized is perspective for further researches on questions of technical modernization. Within research the following ways of increase of energy efficiency are allocated: optimization of loading of equipment, seasonal state support of acquisition of fuel, use of alternative energy sources. Authors offer for an assessment of efficiency of realization of the State program as the indicator to use an index of a share of expenses for energy resources that will allow more objectively and is proved to draw intermediate and total conclusions about achievement of goals, to establish target value of an indicator by 2020 at the level of 9,4‰, and this indicator has to be created taking into account the change in price for energy resources.
For an assessment of diversification there are yet no ready methods of an assessment of its influence on development of rural territories. Diversification as process and as the characteristic of structure of rural economy is directly connected with rational use of resources and most their effective distribution between alternative options therefore it is important to define the possible directions of development of rural economy. In article methodical approach to a diversification assessment in the rural territories, considering interaction of two components is considered: internal resource capacity of the territory and directions of diversification of rural economy. Process of an assessment of diversification of rural territories is presented as set of requirements, methods and the main evaluation stages. Authors offered matrix model of definition of integrated level of diversification.
The author considers the organizational and economic mechanism as set of organizational structures, concrete forms and methods of management, and also rules of law by means of which economic laws existing in specific conditions, process of reproduction of flax and linen production are realized. In article the main directions of development of the organizational and economic mechanism of development of cooperation in a flax-growing subcomplex reveal, the economic and economic relations of activity are shined, prospects of development of a flax-growing subcomplex with use of cooperative forms and the principles are considered, the role of the vertical integrated structures is reflected in a flax-growing subcomplex, methodical approaches to formation of consumer cooperatives in a flax-growing subcomplex are shined. The most priority directions of development of cooperation are: creation of the new agro-industrial formations providing the closed cycle "production-processing-realization"; reorganization of an economic mechanism of relationship on the basis of development of the system of standard and legal documents and such principles, as equality of the parties and a mutually advantageous combination of their interests which are realized on each branch of a flax-growing subcomplex according to specific conditions of their functioning.
In article mechanisms of regulation of the markets of production of plant growing and the tendencies of their formation caused by the changing environment of world and the national markets are considered. Mechanisms of regulation of the markets carry out the main functions - maintenance of the income of producers and achievement of a sustainable development of branches. The author gives an assessment of efficiency of application of a complex of instruments of regulation of the markets of grain, sugar, vegetables and fruit in the conditions of transformation of Uniform agricultural policy of EU.
Kazakhstan traditionally was the agro-industrial country, and today it is necessary to use more effectively the competitive advantages, especially in production of ecologically safe production. In article main types of economic efficiency of agricultural production are considered, is analysed a current state of agricultural branch of Kazakhstan. For increase of production efficiency of agricultural production it is necessary to provide an innovative component in activity of the enterprises. The main directions of increase of production efficiency of agricultural production and competitiveness of agro-industrial complex of Kazakhstan in the conditions of innovative development is use of species of innovations; achievements of domestic and world selection; development of resource-saving technologies, etc.
In modern conditions means of further improvement of management the combination of the principles of target, resource and program planning which is rod in system of complex planning, its methodology is decisive. Authors consider application of program and target approach for improvement of management of agrarian and industrial complex, represent a technique of its realization in relation to development of industry programs.
Purchasing and commodity interventions and mortgage operations belong to the main instruments of state regulation of the market of grain. The stabilization mechanism of the grain market is in development. Threat of food security for the state create both a lack of grain in the market, and its overproduction in relation to internal consumption which developed in recent years at the level of about 80 million t. In article modern problems of regulation of the market of grain by means of carrying out the state purchasing and commodity interventions and their role in increase of competitiveness of production of grain, and also foreign experience are considered. The arisen contradictions and shortcomings, according to authors, are inevitable. However losses from them can be reduced if in due time to take recommended measures.
In article the new mechanism of public financing - untied support of the income of agricultural producers of production of plant growing, its difference from earlier practicing system of compensation of part of expenses for acquisition of mineral fertilizers and means of protection of plants is analyzed. The author considers structure of the state support of agro-industrial complex of the Republic of North Ossetia - Alania, rules of receiving a subsidy again entered at regional level, shortcomings of a technique of its calculation and administrative obstacles. The comparative analysis of allocated funds on one hectare of a cultivated area in Russia and the countries of the European Union, allowed to draw a conclusion on insufficiency of financing and need of research of reserves for budgets of all levels is carried out. Offers on reduction of the mechanism of untied support in compliance to requirements of the Agreement of the WTO on agriculture, including, revision of criterion of productivity of subsidizing are formulated. For optimization of system of subsidizing it is offered to find reserves for increase in opportunities of joint financing at the expense of the regional budget, to simplify procedure of receiving a subsidy, including to reduce the list of documents and to reconsider a calculation procedure, to provide the most effective activity of authorized body of the subject of the Russian Federation, having minimized bureaucratic delays.