Research objective was search of dependence of overall performance of the organization from structure of used means. For this purpose on the example of results of activity of 398 agricultural organizations of twenty one regions of the Chuvash Republic in 2012 the group is made and the correlation and regression analysis is carried out. Results of research show that the size of coefficient of an autonomy influences results of production economic activity of the organizations. Dependence existence between a shoulder of a financial leverage and net profit (0,024), a shoulder of a financial leverage and profitability (0,211), coefficient of an autonomy and liquidity (0,376) is defined. There is also a communication between coefficient of an autonomy and security with own current assets (0,642). Being guided by results of our research, heads of the agricultural organizations can correct structure of finance of the organization, carry out search of new sources of financing, get rid of less profitable, reaching desirable level of profitability of the organization.
Article is devoted to the analysis of methodical approaches and methods of determination of cost of lands of agricultural purpose in domestic and foreign literature. The history of development of scientific ideas of an earth assessment is considered, and are revealed the factors, having direct impact on indicators of estimation of cost of the earth. The carried-out analysis allows to draw a conclusion that despite variety of various applied techniques of determination of cost of the earth, all of them consider two main factors: natural features (fertility of the earth and local climatic conditions) and economic conditions of production of cultures on the concrete land plots. The foundation of an assessment of lands of agricultural purpose was laid in 1899 with adoption of law about an assessment of lands in which the basic principles of an assessment of the farmland were stated, and further they were only supplemented and improved taking into account changing conditions of cultivation of crops.
For an assessment of dynamics of indicators of food security the author's technique of the analysis which main advantage is the operational analysis of food security of the region on the basis of complex system of indicators is offered: economic and physical availability of the food, self-reliance main types of food production. Its approbation is presented on the example of the Volgograd region. Change of separate indicators of food security of the Volgograd region, for the analyzed period, was insignificant. Respectively and level of food security of the region was stable and was estimated by a total indicator at 8 points that corresponds to admissible value. For this period of time, joining of Russia to the WTO significantly didn't affect level of food security of the Volgograd region. Nevertheless, from the point of view of economic availability of the food to the population of area there are the threats connected with rather high level of differentiation of the income, growth of a consumer price index on foodstuff.
The characteristic of an environment of the world market of grain for a row of years is provided. The world balance of use and volumes of trade by wheat, corn, rice fodder grain and soy, including current marketing year, and also a supply and demand ratio on these grain crops are shown. Considering that the environment of the world market of grain is unstable, subject from year to year to fluctuations and on it now the market mechanism of relationship of his trading subjects practically prevails, measures for market regulation regarding more optimum formation global supply and demand and stabilization of the prices are objectively necessary. Measures for regulation of the world market of grain by the international organizations and the national governments of the states, including limiting a rise in prices for grain are planned.
In article questions of providing agriculture with water resources, as one of the most vital issues facing agrarian sector of China in the conditions of increase of domestic demand for the food and strengthening of processes of globalization are considered. Problems of efficiency of use of water and improvement of standard and legal base of agricultural water use are analyzed. For the last 20 years, having 9‰ of the processed lands and 6‰ of reserves of fresh water in the world, and also at uneven distribution in space and time and in the absence of correlation with land resources, China managed to provide with the food 22‰ of a world's population. In the XXI century in the conditions of market economy, agricultural water use has to be reformed for achievement of the state purposes in development of agriculture and ensuring sustainable social and economic development in the conditions of limitation of water resources.
In June, 2014 the scientific community celebrated the 85 anniversary of the Russian academy of agricultural sciences. The author gave historical information of creation and Rosselkhozakademiya's functioning, her contribution in development of the agrarian science enriched with scientific achievements of researchers of several generations, promoting lifting of agro-industrial production, ensuring food security of the country. During the work in new standard and legal conditions (transformation of Russian Academy of Agrarian Sciences to office of the Russian Academy of Sciences) it is necessary to take care of preservation and development of schools of sciences, to systematize knowledge bases for the subsequent generations of scientists, ensuring continuity of generations of scientists.
Elaboration of new approaches to formation of effective system of financing of scientific development rests in remaining unresolved a problem of steady financial and economic provision of the vast majority of agrarian producers. The only source of resources for carrying out the research works performed in interests of producers there are budget funds both on federal, and on regional levels. Authors analyze existing sources and the amounts of financing of investments the agricultural organizations in scientific researches, note insufficiency of the mechanism of joint financing from various funds. Prove insufficiently high activity of managing subjects of the village in increase the scheme of financing of investments into agrarian science through endaument-funds is offered.
In article the main problems of agriculture and a course of their discussion at meeting in Stavropol are analyzed. The author considers the reasons of low profitability of branch which as a whole has an obvious tendency of decrease that is confirmed by calculations of linear and square approach. The author offers a number of measures for the solution of the main revealed problems of branch: adequate, answering to a ratio of rates of inflation in Russia and the developed countries, decrease in a ruble exchange rate; some increase of customs tariffs on import products which especially negatively affect a domestic production, reducing them on those commodity groups where we still have a competition reserve; non-tariff measures - toughening of quality control of import, control strengthening over quality of internal production; transition to more rigid regulation of tariffs for services of natural monopolies; surcharges to market prices of grain to producers at overproduction and reduction of prices; providing agricultural producers with proceeds of credit under a rate of 2-3‰.
Results of seventeen groups of regions on production, processing, realization, consumption of milk and dairy products which allowed to range regions are presented in article according to the Ministry of Agriculture for 2012 and to make the characteristic of the typical region. For ensuring comparability all regions were divided in groups into six groups. Indicators of the typical region decided by group indicators on the greatest number of regions in the allocated interval of change of an indicator of group. Leaders of a rating - the Republic of Tatarstan, the Altai territory, Krasnodar Krai, the Republic of Bashkortostan, are characterized by proportional development of production of milk and processing production. Development of concrete measures for proportional development of production of milk and processing productions is necessary for each allocated group.
Despite considerable resources of traditional hydrocarbonic raw materials, in Russia it is expedient to develop and alternative power engineering. The main directions of use of biogas installations are presented in article. Authors executed calculation of efficiency of use of biogas installation on a livestock farm with a livestock in 2 400 heads of cattle and on pig factory farm with a livestock in 10000 heads of pigs. The provided analysis testifies to efficiency of use of biogas installations in animal husbandry. Thus the size of economic efficiency of implementation of projects of use of biogas installations is higher on the livestock complexes having a large number of organic waste. The conclusion is drawn that use of biogas installations in animal husbandry is expedient from the point of view of economic and ecological efficiency