Authors considered opportunities and restrictions of application of additional measures of support of agriculture in the conditions of the WTO, the mechanism of allocation of adverse territories which is now fixed in the Russian legislation is estimated. The analysis of approaches to allocation of adverse territories showed that the technique of allocation demands specification to satisfy to criteria of transparency. In the real work the specified technique is based on more transparent and clear criteria. As criteria on climatic and soil conditions here are chosen: quality of soils; criteria of reference of regions to the region of the Far North and the territories equated to them. The executed calculations showed that application of the offered technique will lead to essential reduction of such areas.
In the article there presented the analyses of the situation and dynamics of the development of agro-industrial complex and rural areas. It is mentioned that agricultural sector of the republic is functioning in the conditions of lack of financial security, lack of mechanization means, high level of their wear and lack of labor resources of necessary qualification. The salary of agricultural employees is low. Signs of troubles and anxiety are observed in social and engineering infrastructure of a village, in the quality of rural population. The way out of the agriculture of the crises, the sustainable development, as the experience of advanced countries prove, is possible by the orientation of the agro-industrial complex to modernization and innovation development on the base of tools of public-private partnership.
In article questions of increase of competitiveness of branches of agrarian and industrial complex are investigated. The review of literature allowed to establish innovative nature of the modern competition. Need of strengthening of a role of the state for management of competitive processes, constructions of questions of competitiveness of a domestic production in a rank of a state policy, the accounting of specifics of agriculture and creation for it favorable conditions on comparison with allied industries is proved.
In article are considered essence and features of functioning of the agrofood market, a form of its state regulation. The made group on profitability level on all activity of the agricultural organizations in 2012 depending on level of subsidizing of production testifies to influence of level of the state support on economic indicators of activity of the agricultural organizations of regions, growth of investments. The author offered the mechanism of the state support of agricultural producers, scenarios of development of the agrofood market on the basis of an assessment of influence of system of major factors on results of activity in agrarian production are developed.
In article processes of development of the innovative technologies, allowing to realize comparative advantages of production of milk in the Northwest are considered, activization of foreign investors in dairy cattle breeding of Russia is noted. In the near future it is necessary to compete not only with producers of dairy products abroad, but also with the foreign companies which have organized large, hi-tech and effective production of milk in Russia. Therefore development of technologies of the "tomorrow" allowing successfully to realize a scale effect is necessary, to neutralize selective competitive shortcomings, to realize comparative advantages of branch in regions of Russia.
In article the condition of the market of vegetable production in Russia, its features is analyzed. The role of hothouse economy in production of vegetables of the closed soil is considered. The consumer demand for vegetables is analyzed. Along with development of farmer vegetable growing in recent years, cultivated areas and gross production in all agricultural organizations and farms of the population were stabilized at the level of 2,4 and 10,2 million t, respectivelyThe revealed tendencies testify to close dependence of dynamics of volumes of commodity turnover of vegetables on the income of the population, change of a price environment and production of this production. The revealed distinctions between consumer preferences and consumption are a direct consequence of insufficient economic and physical availability of many types of vegetables to separate profitable and territorial groups of the population
In article problems of rational land use, deterioration of a condition of soils rise by territories of the Penza region, and also the economic, social and other reasons which have generated decline both of agrarian production as a whole, and qualities and number of lands used in agricultural production are established. The analysis realized in the territory of the region of actions within federal and regional programs for restoration and maintenance of soil fertility is carried out, and also data on predicted results of implementation of these programs are provided.
The existing disparity of the prices of main types of the made agricultural production reduction of profit and profitability of the agricultural organizations has considerable impact. In article it is proved that the considerable part of the state measures in the sphere of price regulation of agrarian sector of economy doesn't give due effect due to the lack of system approach. So, the volume of purchasing interventions in dynamics of years didn't exceed 10‰ of an annual yield in natural expression that causes weak regulation of distribution system of grain and dynamics of the prices of it. In the direction of untied state support of the agricultural organizations in the field of plant growing a number of defects that increases difficulties of the agricultural organizations for receiving this subsidy is revealed. The organizations specializing on production of quality grain in bigger volume provide themselves with elite seeds and opportunities to receive subsidies for repayment of part of costs of acquisition of elite seeds are deprived, and respectively the total amount of costs of production of elite grain increases. Increase in production of qualitative grain in Russia isn't promoted by the system of pricing which developed in the grain market. For leveling of shortcomings of the directions of state support existing now in the field of plant growing, we offer to enter an auxiliary view of the state support - a price extra charge on quality of grain. This type of price support of the income of the agricultural organizations specializing on production of grain and making quality grain (wheat 1-2 classes), counted on 1 centner of the realized grain and grain will allow to increase production efficiency of crop branch and competitiveness of domestic grain in the world market.