Authors by means of the system analysis, investigated theoretical and practical aspects of a sustainable development of agrarian and industrial complex, its prerequisites and factors are designated. It is established that providing a sustainable development of agrarian and industrial complex is possible only on the basis of the system approach providing complex research of tasks, prerequisites, factors and ways of the forthcoming development in their mutual communication, definition of various options of decision-making and as a result - system development. Authors drew a conclusion that the analysis of problems in agrarian and industrial complex, factors of a sustainable development of agriculture and conditions of their manifestation allows to define ways of transition to sustainable agrarian development. Thus the special attention at the present stage needs to be paid to regulation of the land relations; to improvement of the organizational forms of managing providing fuller use of advantages of a multiformity of agrarian economy; to financial and economic improvement of the agricultural organizations; activization of investment and innovative activity in agrarian and industrial complex; to improvement of conditions of realization of agricultural production and development of the food market.
On the basis of the analysis of the current situation of technical providing domestic agrarian and industrial complex in general and the Republic of Crimea, in particular, the need of the Republic of Crimea for deliveries of agricultural machinery according to the scenario of need of formation of park of agricultural machinery at the expense of new power saturated and highly productive is calculated. The large number of not used cultivated areas which is observed in Russia is a consequence, including, technical restrictions of domestic agrarian and industrial complex on their processing and cultivation. Technical updating of branches of agrarian and industrial complex predetermines a level of development and improvement of technologies of farming, and also bears in itself social effect which is reached due to creation new and preservations of earlier created workplaces. Creation of the mashino-technological companies capable to render all range of the main and additional services is offered.
In the article the results of research on the transformation the structure of land property and its impact on reproduction process in the agrarian sector of the regions of the North-Western Federal district (NWFD) in the current model of land relations were discussed. The place of the NWFD and its some regions on All - Russian indicators which characterize agricultural production, factors of reproduction, land use and land property, rental potential of agricultural land was elucidated. It was concluded that rapidly developing with innovative activity agriculture organizations are short of land for future growth of production, which is a constraining factor to ensure the expanded reproduction in agriculture. A negative impact on the reproductive process in agriculture of the land ownership absence in agricultural organizations at the mass their use in the production of citizen land shares has been established. The estimation of credit provision of the subjects of Federation of the North-West Russian Federation and the causes of its regional differentiation was given. The results of sociological research by questionnaire survey of managers and specialists the management bodies of the agro-industrial complex, agricultural organizations and peasant (farmer) farms in the Leningrad region have been reflected. They allow to describe the current conditions of the reproduction process in the agrarian sector and to identify trends in the development of the potential demand for agricultural land in the future.
Development of the land relations in modern conditions is characterized by the accruing negative processes leading to sharp deterioration of a state and decrease in efficiency of use of land resources. In article methods of regulation of the land relations in the conditions of increase of efficiency of use of land resources are investigated. For regulation of the land relations need of achievement of the main objectives of land policy providing formation of structure of management of land resources of the country locates. The land policy of the state has to establish accurately and definitely the purposes, priority tasks and instruments of regulation of the land relations which realization will allow to change radically a vector of their development with orientation to preservation and enhancement of land capacity of the country both on medium-term, and to a long-term outlook. Implementation of the developed offers can and has to lead to development and realization of essentially new, more effective land policy and creation of an effective control system of land resources of the country.
In accordance with the thematic plan-task to perform scientific research Nizhny Novgorod State Agricultural Academy for the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation at the expense of the federal budget for 2014 by the working group led by Professor I. Altukhov drafted a bill that gives a clear definition of family farms. The evolution of the Russian legislation on peasant (farm), identified the main inaccuracies their legal definitions and contradictions of the modern legal status. Identified differences peasants and farmers, family and business partner. A new legal definition of family farming, substantiates its main parameters. The essential characteristics of the farm include a strictly single-family basis, the mandatory participation of members of the economy in its activities, the availability of agricultural education (experience) at the head, and the use of economic qualifications for the statistical recognition of Farmers. This definition allows for a greater degree of socio-economic characteristics of farm structures/
In the light of the sanctions scenario imposed to Russia by the countries of the West questions of determination of levels of food independence of the state with specification of the operating system of criteria and indicators are considered. Authors offered methodical approaches to modification of indicators, in particular it is offered to exclude the volume of production made in the country from calculations is exclusive due to annual acquisition of import production current assets (seeds, landing and breeding material, initial raw materials). Questions of reliability of statistical data concerning volumes of the made agricultural production in farms of the population of the country are also raised.
The assessment of efficiency of use of the available innovative capacity of the separate agricultural organizations of the Nizhny Novgorod Region is carried out. Innovative potential acts as the parameter allowing to estimate possibilities of innovative activity and to define strategy of innovative development. The size of innovative potential in farms of the Nizhny Novgorod Region in grain production is received by the relation of a concrete resource on the organization to the average level for set. On the basis of comparison of integrated indicators it was proved that not always the greatest size of innovative potential corresponds to the bigger level of efficiency of its use.
In article the general and special in various treatments of the concepts "business" and " entrepreneurship" are analyzed , various characteristics of semantic values of these terms are considered. Use of the terms "business" and "business" as equivalent is represented to the author quite lawful in the analysis of small business in the village. The methodological problem of research - need of use of interdisciplinary approach to an assessment of such economic phenomenon as small business in agrarian and industrial complex as as economic category it is one of integrative concepts on which formation of conceptual essence various areas of scientific knowledge and public practice have impact is allocated. The special attention in article is paid to need of the account for the economic analysis of psychological features of country economic consciousness.
Generalizing the theoretical views and the main definitions of strategy which developed at various economic schools, the author considers strategy as clearly the formulated behavior model representing a complex of ways of achievement of the object set for the organization and considering internal resources of the organization, its external opportunities and restrictions. In article basic criteria of classification of strategy are systematized and their main types used in activity of the agricultural enterprises of the Kumensky region of the Kirov region are revealed. Key parameters of competitiveness of the agricultural enterprises were determined on the basis of financial and economic indicators of their activity. On the basis of the competitive analysis of functioning of data of the enterprises influence of strategy on key parameters of their competitiveness is revealed, and also the conclusion is drawn on efficiency or expediency of revision of strategy for each enterprise of the studied set.
Strengthening of intereconomic cooperation and agro-industrial integration of economic entities is one of the significant directions of development of agrarian and industrial complex. Providing the population with food according to standards of consumption, the demanded range and quality is one of the actual problems facing mankind. Level of providing the population with the food depends on a condition of food security of the country. In article the author considers organizational economic problems of development of agro-industrial integration in the light of change of a foreign policy situation in Russia. Now three types of integration (open system, control and vertically integrated) based on interaction of various character between participants gained distribution in Russia in the sphere of agro-industrial production. Implementation of target and comprehensive programs regional socially - economic development, consecutive promotion of cluster approach among heads of economic subjects of the food sphere аre included in number of the effective tools stimulating formation of the integrated communications and structures.