In article the world order of the period of two superstates - the USSR and the USA is analyzed. The Soviet Union developed an independent way of development, was the carrier of remarkable achievements in space, science and education, literature and cinema, provided high rates of economic development. After collapse of the USSR the strategic balance of forces in the world sharply changed. There was a world of one owner. Any region of the planet was proclaimed the sphere of its exclusive interests. The USA began to attribute to themselves divine mission on the earth. They don't want to notice that the world sharply changed. The economic center of gravity moved to the countries of the East which use model of the state capitalism. The adviser to the U.S. President Paule Volcker declares that crisis became test of capitalism that it is impossible to rely on "an invisible hand of the market" more. On a Gaidar forum our ministers said that the country is in great need in the radical turn breaking stereotypes. Today in the majority of the countries of the world there is a mixed economy. And the tendency to strengthening of a role of state regulation is observed. The public of the West is more and more convinced that the key to success of their economies not of isolation and opposition of the plan and the market, and of their optimum combination. The Russian reforms were experimental check of insolvency of the neoclassical theory. Using of experience of China, India, etc. the countries which accepted model of the state capitalism is offered.
The problems of innovative development of the vegetable greenhouse, becoming more and more popular, and after the accession of Russia to the WTO and the impact of this process on the economic and financial condition of enterprises in the industry crop production have become increasingly important as competition between market participants will increase, and the share of imported products on the Russian market will not be reduced. The Russian producers of greenhouse vegetables in the conditions of WTO accession are not in the most favorable position. Existing traditional technology of cultivation of vegetables in greenhouses Russia today limit the possibility of performance improvement. The main effective directions of sustainable development of the market of greenhouse vegetables must be innovative development vector. The efficient market innovative technologies in order to create a competitive market technologies in the field of vegetable greenhouse is the key to the competitive functioning of the industry. It is proposed to create innovative coordination centre (ICC), which will be interdisciplinary in nature and cover the General scope of activities of participants in the communication market vegetable production greenhouse. Developed software and organizational activities of the participants of the coordination centre of interaction and cooperation for the effective functioning of the market of greenhouse vegetables in Russia.
The segment of the market of hothouse vegetable growing should be developed as for ensuring food security, and import substitution. The Russian Federation has necessary land resources, an energy potential, and also qualified personnel for development of vegetable growing of the protected soil. Climatic conditions of the country allow to receive ecologically safe vegetable production capable to compete on quality with delivered from abroad. In this regard, realization of the offered additional measures of the state support will allow to attract investments into branch of hothouse vegetable growing, to provide increase in gross production of hothouse vegetables and fuller satisfaction of a consumer demand.
The methodology of an assessment of ekologo-economic efficiency of technologies of maintaining agricultural production in the territories polluted by radionuclides is presented. The developed computer system of support of decision-making for an assessment of commercial effectiveness of rehabilitation technologies reflects economic interests of the agricultural enterprises by production of ecologically safe production on is radioactive the polluted territories. The characteristic of alternative agrochemical technologies of maintaining plant growing and a forage production is provided in article on is radioactive the polluted territories, including the following indicators: frequency rate of decrease in the content of radionuclides in production and increase in productivity of crops.
In article the author's method of calculation of an award for risk on the farmer credit is considered. As a basis the tervariant system of calculation taking into account features of agrarian management, and also all-branch and individual risks of the farmer borrower is accepted. As object of settlement part the target single credit to the owner of economy on production of potatoes on replenishment of current assets is considered. The award for risk is differentiated depending on the term of the credit, liquidity and sufficiency of pledge, constructibility of the relations of bank and the borrower and the assessment of bank risk in case of a credit non-return is made. For definition of a risk zone the scale of an assessment of risk of loss of financial stability is offered, the business project index of market efficiency (IME) pays off. The presented technique can be added with other indicators as a part of intermediate coefficients of risk.
Production capacity of the agricultural organization includes four main components: resource, technological, genetic potential of cultures and animals and capacity of management. In types of the recommended technologies proportions and extent of use of elements of production potential are set, and the level of intensity is defined by existence and structure of resources. At introduction of technologies the technological expenses reflecting really realized possibilities of production potential are formed. Thus, in size and structure of technological expenses the assessment of extent of realization of production capacity of the organization is possible. The author considers option of an assessment of existence and use of components of production potential of plant growing on the example of production of technological costs of hectare, grain and leguminous in size.
The existing methodical rekomedation according to efficiency of investment projects not fully are suitable for an assessment of efficiency of innovations. It is caused by that more wide range of participants is, as a rule, involved in creation and use of innovations. The article discusses methodological approaches to the evaluation and selection of innovation projects in the implementation of innovative and investment activity in agriculture, recommendations for improvement and implementation. Analyzed the mechanism of the selection of innovation projects envisaged in the State program of development of agriculture and regulation of markets of agricultural products, raw materials and food for 2013-2020, starting in 2015, as well as the terms of the grants to their developers.
Authors consider questions of the mechanism of attraction of the long-term capital in development of rural territories, formation of the organizational mechanism of inflow of long-term resources in municipal rural territories is offered. Attraction of investments into system of financing of investments of municipal services and social infrastructure of the village on the security of the available assets it is possible to subdivide into three main stages: formation of infrastructure of system of investment into municipal bonds and its organizational and financial basis; creation of system of the secondary market of municipal securities and bases of refinancing; development of system of state regulation of investment activity regarding the circulation of the municipal securities provided with pledge of the available assets (the earth of agricultural purpose, production and administrative real estate objects, etc.) or guarantees of higher budgets (regional or federal). It is offered to use the state order as an element of attraction of investments into the village.
The issue of food safety has particular relevance in the context of economic sanctions by the United States and the EU and Russia’s antisanctions. The development of integration processes in the post-Soviet space and, above all, between the member of the Eurasian Economic Union is of particular importance. In this regard, it is necessary to accelerate the search for effective solutions to ensure food security of the Eurasian Economic Union and reduce their dependence on imports, which would require the adoption of agreed improvement (coordinated) Agrarian Policy EEU in some areas.
In modern market conditions the essential contribution to development of agro-industrial complex is made by subjects of small forms of managing, in particular, country farms and farms of the population. In this regard, in this article the research devoted to definition of a role of small forms of managing in agro-industrial complex is conducted (on materials of the Kostanay region of the Republic of Kazakhstan), tendencies of their development in the present and the perspective period are revealed. The revealed tendencies lead to transformation of functions of personal subsidiary farms in agrarian and industrial complex and the decision-making directed on increase of efficiency of functioning of this segment of economy demand. The main part of livestock production of all agrarian sector of the Kostanay region in the period 2004-2008gg. - 92,2‰ it was made in farms of the population. Effective functioning of branch of animal husbandry is in close dependence on existence of cultivated areas under forage crops, from security of economy with pastures and haymakings. The made analysis testifies to prospects of development of agriculture of the Kostanay region and, in particular, livestock branch on the basis of farms of the population it is required which not only appropriate assistance and support from the state, but also expansion of opportunities of mutually advantageous cooperation with larger agricultural formations.