The current situation with access to the market of production made by small farms is reflected in article and also the role of wholesale distribution centres is reflected. In small farms more than 50‰ of gross volume of agricultural production, but marketability level very low is made. Creation of logistic wholesale distribution centres on the basis of cooperation acts as economically significant direction of an agrarian policy. Development of wholesale and food system allows to lift production of small agricultural producers and to increase their share in the market. It is offered to develop standards for the cost of projects of creation of the wholesale and retail centres of regional level accepted by the state to subsidizing and to approve the mechanism state support similar projects.
The traditional form of integration of individuals’ interests is the household that forms the economic and social basis of human capital reproduction. Since their emergence on the economic front, households provide economic independence family or individual in the process of reproduction of society and partial isolation of the individual in the process of production and consumption of economic goods. The specificity of the households is determined by the combination of the implemented functions and the ratio between them and their type determines the choice of strategy and behaviour. The forms of economic behaviour of the households include labour and entrepreneurial activity of their members, consumer and savings behaviour, budgeting and optimization of cost structures, adapting to changes in the external environment, investment strategy etc. The special form of households is the households of the rural population. The factors affecting the behaviour of households in rural areas are encouraged to organize in the context of the six groups (demographic, political, legal, economic, social and environmental-geographical factors). The households are the centre of concentration of individuals’ economic interests associated with family relationships and joint business activities. The problems related to the personification of the individual interests, their consolidation, harmonization, restriction, regulation, reproduction and motivation are the most visible at the household level. Rural households can significantly reduce the production function owing to catastrophic aging of country people soon. In this regard the problem of preservation of a rural way of life, support of rural households and preservation of public control over rural territories has to be considered as one of the main priorities of an agrarian policy of the state.
The need of strategic approach for development of agrarian and industrial complex, orientation to long-term goals, on possible risks and threats are proved. The main economic problems connected with a sustainable development of agrarian and industrial complex were considered. There are the growth of inflation and food prices, essential decrease in the income of the population, the reduction of investments, and unsatisfactory conditions of bank crediting, an imperfection of a tax policy and system of agro insurance, the technical problem of support, an inefficient use of land resources. It is impossible to postpone the solution of pressing problems of branch and the village for the next years as it will bring in the future to strengthening of system negative consequences, to need for research in the future of incomparably large sums for development of branch. Prospects of development of agriculture are considered in several scenario options (inertial, optimistical). It is possible to predict an average annual gain of production of agriculture for the period till 2020 of 2-3‰, and by 2030 it will increase in a decade approximately by 1.5 times. Realization of represented goals is possible only in the conditions of a favourable macroeconomic situation in the country, significant improvement of "climate" in the international cooperation.
As a result of raw orientation of economy there was a vicious circle: for transition to strategic planning it is required to increase amounts of the budgetary funds selected for implementation of large-scale target programs while budget revenues from export of primary goods are insufficient for the solution of strategic tasks of development of agricultural industry and the related types of activity. An effective remedy for a way out of a vicious circle is long-term planning. The article is devoted to theoretical, methodical and practical aspects of development and coordination of mechanisms of implementation of long-term strategy and target programs in the agro-industrial sphere. The need of reorientation of macroeconomic budget, tax and price policy to creation of conditions for implementation of long-term strategy and target programs of agricultural industry and the related industries and types of activity is proved. Methodologically important issue of strategic planning is the specification of the target indicators characterizing reproduction and growth of the population. The regional population policy is urged to provide necessary conditions for reproduction of all indigenous people of the Russian Federation. It is necessary to include target programs in number of first-priority documents of strategic planning, training and employment in the village. In article the first-priority measures providing growth of taxable basis and increase in financial resources for development of agro-industrial and agro food complexes are proposed.
The role of financial improvement of agricultural producers of Stavropol Krai within the Federal law is opened. For the purpose of rendering the state support to the agricultural producers who are in financial hardship in Stavropol Krai since 2002 the program of financial improvement of agricultural producers, participation in which allows to improve a financial condition before application of insolvency proceedings, to reduce the collected outstanding amount and to give an opportunity to the debtor to recover the lost solvency is realized. According to the Federal law restructuring provides complete write-off of the amounts of a penalty fee and penalties, provision of delays and payments by instalments on the amount of a principal debt and the added percent, and also write-off of the amounts of a principal debt and the added percent. Improvement of a financial condition of agricultural producers is a task not only the Ministries of Agriculture of Stavropol Krai, and the task for all public authorities and local self-government. Considering importance and efficiency of the events for financial improvement of agricultural producers held in the region, it shall be paid more attention. The carried-out actions allow not only to provide profitable base of budgets of all levels, but also to solve problems of employment and a growth in prosperity of rural population.
The accession of Russia to the WTO, world food, financial and economic crises, high food dependence of the country on import require not only increases of competitiveness of its agricultural products, use of more effective mechanism of protection of domestic agricultural producers, but also transition of agricultural industry in general and grain in particular to innovative and investment model of development. Output gap of agricultural products, the weak support from the state, the high cost of innovations, an immunity of the majority of the Russian agricultural producers to domestic and foreign scientific and technical achievements do not allow to develop innovative activities. Significant growth in investments into agricultural industry without basic innovations can become inefficient. Innovations have limited character and are, as a rule, available only to insignificant part of large agricultural producers. Innovative potential of agricultural industry is used for 4-5‰ against 50‰ and more in comparison with economically developed countries. Development of innovative processes in agricultural industry in general can be characterized as slow process. Productivity of influence of innovative activities on efficiency of grain production is powerful. It is necessary to involve four groups of factors: economic and technological; legal and political; organizational and managerial; social and psychological and cultural to achieve active and effective innovative activities in a grain farms. It is necessary to create the system of development of achievements of scientific and technical progress, the effective organizational and economic mechanism which would promote more active perception of innovations grain farms and to their mass replication.
For creating an innovative agrarian economy it is necessary to actively apply achievements of science and technology, to make use of international experience. The purpose of creation and implementation of innovations in agrarian and industrial complex is enhancement of agro-industrial production, increase of cost efficiency of production of agricultural industry. Relevance of the organization of scientific and technical and innovative activities with orientation to regional features, and also need of development of theoretical and practical provisions of an assessment of scientific and technical achievements for agrarian and industrial complex has increased in modern conditions. In article concepts of innovations, innovative process and its feature of agrarian and industrial complex are considered, the main applied indicators of cost efficiency are analyzed and the efficiency evaluation of innovations through comparison of a labour productivity and capital-output ratio of products is offered. The innovative process in agricultural industry is considered as a fixed and continuous flow of transformation of certain technical or technological ideas to new technologies on the basis of scientific developments. The analysis of development of an industry for over the last 10 years period of a program implementation of the state support has shown positive tendencies in increase in production of products of agricultural industry, marketability, financial results. Achievement of high financial results requires observance of the production technology of products of agricultural industry, implementation of new technologies, introduction into circulation of waste lands, preserving fertility of the cultivated lands.
Reliable ensuring the need of the country for rice and its export can be reached at rational use of production resources of rice's farms on the basis of introduction of achievements of scientific and technical progress and improvement of the organizational and economic mechanism of maintaining subsector. Development of rice growing happened in a difficult and contradictory situation which has exerted ambiguous impact on a grain farm in general and production of rice in particular. The Russian rice-growing complex is the most northern in the world and on the productivity and efficiency yields to the main exporting countries and producers of rice. Feature of the Russian market of rice is connected with the fact that this foodstuff is not traditional for the country population, its consumption increases with increase in the income of the population. Considered the main directions of improvement of the organizational-economic mechanism of development of rice production in the country, associated with the development of State subroutines its development within the acting State program, envisioning an increase in of state support for sub-sector, the main instrument of which are subsidies, allocated because the budgetary funds are sufficient only to maintain the achieved level of rice production. Proved the necessity of attracting investments to ensure the translation of rice on the innovation-investment model of development, improvement of the organizational-economic mechanism of placing and specialization rice through the use of program-target method, and of radical improvement of the tax regime for agricultural producers, the rationalization of the system of agricultural insurance, and of the introduction of state support for export of agricultural products, raw materials and food.
Vegetables are important in maintenance of vital forces of the person, are an effective remedy. The average annual physiological norm of consumption of vegetables in Russia depending on climatic conditions and national peculiarities fluctuates from 100 to 150 kg on the person in a year. Results of development of an industry of vegetable growing of Russia in 2015 are given. The industry for years of reforms has not reduced rates of the development. Acreage under vegetables and melon cultures within the last five years (2011-2015) on all categories of farms fluctuated within 831-892 thousand hectares, occupying on average 1.1‰ in structure of all cultivated area of crops in the country. Vegetable cultures occupied 0.9‰, melon food - 0.2‰ of all cultivated area. Gross collection of vegetables of the discovered and protected soil in farms of all categories in 2015 has constituted 16.1 million tons or 104.2‰ to the level of 2014, including vegetables of an open ground - 14.7 million tons or 103.9‰ by 2014. In 2015 productivity of vegetable cultures of an open ground in relation to 2014 has increased for 3.4‰ and has made 225.1 c/hectare. Average productivity of hothouse vegetables in winter greenhouses of agricultural organizations was at the level of 31.8 kg/sq.m., small enterprises - 18.3 kg/sq.m. The main directions of stabilization and increase of efficiency of vegetable growing are offered. The areas of the suitable irrigated lands for productions of vegetables in Russia are quite limited. Therefore it is possible to reach increase in gross production of vegetables mainly due to productivity increase. One of the main factors of increase of productivity of vegetable cultures is the scientifically based system of use of fertilizers. The integrated approach to development of production of vegerable-growing production will make possible providing the population of the country with fresh vegetables of a domestic production.
For an assessment of a level of development of export transactions on regions the following indicators have been considered: the cost of export of grain on 1 hectare of a cultivated area, a share of export of grain in gross collection, export price of 1 centner of grain, an export margin of 1 centner of grain. The border regions with a high share of export and intensity of sales but which are not making grain are allocated. Distinctions in the represented statistical data require close coordination of programs of supervision between Federal service of statistics and customs authorities. Results of calculation of "an export margin" and group of regions on its size have shown that the main part of export is the share of regions in which "the export margin" is close to average value. The increased values of a margin take place in regions with higher export price and crops of firm grades of wheat. The conclusion is drawn that together with the exported grain inventories of elements of natural fertility of soils abroad are exported. In article the question of need of creation of fund of preserving natural fertility of soils, including due to export transactions is put. Possible algorithms of forming and mechanisms of functioning of fund of preserving natural fertility are considered.