The current state of the food industry raises the need for production not only to introduce food safety management systems, but also determines the need for its continuous improvement. The effectiveness of the food safety management system depends largely on understanding the processes of internal and external audits, as well as their interaction. The results of the external audits are the most important part of the information provided to top management, which should periodically analyze the functioning of the food safety system to make strategic decisions on changing policies, plans, interactions with consumers and suppliers, and reviewing the company's processes. In this situation, it is of great importance to improve the organizational issues of passing the audits, which should be aimed at ensuring and effectively managing the internal and external environment of the organization in order to form long-term competitive advantages. The article considers the main types of audits carried out at food industry enterprises, the possibility of using the results of internal audits for the passage of external audits, summarizes the information necessary for passing both internal and external audits.
The article shows the nature of public-private partnership, assessed its current state, and formulated the distinctive features of contractual relations within the framework of public-private (municipal-private) partnership and concession agreements. The necessity of improvement and wider application of this form of cooperation in practice is substantiated. The main reasons that impede this process are identified, both in the country and in rural areas, a set of measures aimed at their elimination and transformation of the partnership under consideration into an effective tool for rural development is proposed. To this end, in particular, it is justified to eliminate inconsistencies in the legislative framework; increase financial independence of rural municipalities; the creation of a mechanism to increase the interest of authorities in the development of this form of cooperation; making clarifications in the methodology for assessing the effectiveness of local government; strengthening of attention to this problem in the programs of training and advanced training of specialists involved in the development of rural areas.
Illion people annually are exposed to poisoning with the pesticides applied when processing crops. An alternative of use of pesticides is the eсo system of protection against diseases, wreckers and weeds including biological methods of fight. The advantages of organic (biological) agriculture are considered. The characteristic of the main kinds of systems of alternative agriculture is provided. Upon transition to biological agriculture it is impossible to come to the level of intensive technologies, but scientific developments and acquisition of practical skills allows reducing a little a difference in productivity of agricultural cultures. For development of organic production it is necessary to organize training of agricultural producers in new perspective technologies, to create the system of certification of organic production, to organize sale.
The presented method of increasing the efficiency of land use from the composition of agricultural land in private ownership includes a system of successive operations with the identification of features and advantages of private ownership of land in front of other forms of land ownership and the widespread use of universal tools for its development. The procedure of the method consists of performing operations on the theoretical, empirical, strategic levels. To this end, the selected tools should be coordinated to improve the effectiveness of the impact. Each of the blocks contains a description of the problem of using agricultural land, presupposes possible options for its elimination. Legal instruments take into account the correction of land legislation, in particular, justification of variants of rental pay. Administrative tools are aimed at reducing the possibility of owners carrying out illegal actions with land plots. Economic and financial instruments involve mechanisms for levying land payments, minimizing transaction costs, as well as increasing the investment attractiveness and liquidity of land as a lien.
The article points out that economic science plays a decisive role in the development of countries, since the state of the economy is determined by the quality of the system of public administration, primarily by the degree of optimality of socioeconomic relations. It is shown that the authorities do not take into account this situation to a proper extent, in connection with which the mentioned system weakly solves two basic tasks - the development and effective use of the nation's potential. Moreover, decisions are made that hinder the development of science. If in many countries it becomes one of the main objects of government attention, Russia, on the contrary, in has ceased to be among the priorities of state policy. In particular, in terms of its financing, Russia does worse than some small countries, which traditionally lagged behind in this respect. It was noted that this became one of the main reasons for the inadequate use of the potential, the low rates of development and the backwardness of Russia in the sphere of the economy. Measures are proposed for the development of economic science, including the adjustment of methods for reforming it; improving the relationship between "power and science", promoting the convergence of science with practice; organization of the activities of government bodies, taking into account objective laws; the elimination of the existing monopoly of certain scientific schools to the detriment of others, and so on.
Need of introduction new organizationally - economic mechanisms is considered when training for agro-industrial complex taking into account requirements of the Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation "About the approval of the Federal scientific and technical program of development of agriculture for 2017-2025". Need of transition from qualification approach to competence-based for the integrated result of professional education is proved. The most effective cluster approach for formation of professional competences is analyzed. The sequence of modelling of a scientific and educational cluster is offered. The possibilities of a scientific and educational cluster for satisfaction of needs of employers and also stimulation and improvement of development of professional agrarian education are considered.
Formation and organization of effective use of human resources is a complex organizational, economic and management problem. Our many years of practical experience and scientific research show that it is most rationally solved in the formation of appropriate clusters at the Federal, regional and municipal levels. Creation in rural settlements of multipurpose rural advice centres will create additional conveniences to the living population and will allow attracting youth on rural territories. The project of system of indicators of assessment of use of personnel capacity of rural territories is offered for discussion.
The results of the development of a model of the Monitoring centre and development competence Centres, ensuring the achievement of indicators of the Federal scientific and technical program of agriculture development for 2017-2025 and the program "Staffing of the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation for 2017-2020". In the context of new regulatory requirements the key goal of the activity of institutions of additional professional education in relation to the sphere of agro-industrial complex, which is of priority for the development of the Russian economy, is transformed. In addressing this goal, a significant role for the strategic transformation of the institutions additional professional education in relation to the sphere of agro-industrial complex that provides, inter alia, the establishment of the monitoring centre and centres of excellence in the development of the departmental additional professional education directly in a network partnership, formed by the educational-industrial clusters.
The policy of import substitution has given to domestic producers a real opportunity to strengthen positions in domestic market. Formation, competent distribution and effective use of the available manpower of the organizations of the agrarian sector become a current problem. In the course of the solution of this problem the major part is assigned to a control system. Effective work of this system considerably depends on the head. The analysis of personnel list of heads and specialists of the agro-industrial enterprises of the Belgorod region during 2013-2017 has allowed defining the outlined tendencies in their age and qualification structure. Data of monitoring confirm increase in a share of the heads and experts of a middle and retirement age working in agriculture. Reduction of number of the young specialists ready to work in agrarian and industrial complex is observed. The analysis of qualification of agrarian staff shows the shortage of workers with the higher education who correspond to requirements of innovative economy Development of the system of measures for attraction in agrarian branch of highly qualified personnel, including youth is necessary.
The staffing of agriculture is one of the components of the agrarian policy aimed at the effective development of agro-industrial production. Under the conditions of innovative development of agribusiness, the solution of this task is becoming more urgent and requires measures of state and regional regulation. During the research, the dynamics of the distribution of young specialists by the level of education over the past five years, the structure of their preparation by educational institutions of the agrarian profile was analyzed. The tendencies on the employment of young specialists in the agricultural organizations of Russia for the period 2015-2017 are revealed. It was established that according to the share of young professionals employed in agricultural organizations in 2017 Far East (50.1‰) and Central (47.1‰) were leading federal districts. At the same time, the imbalance of the personnel in vocational training, especially of young specialists in comparison with the needs of the labour market, remains an acute problem. The authors formulate proposals and recommendations for solving the problem of attracting and securing young specialists in the country's agriculture on the basis of a complex of organizational, legal and economic measures.