The demographic situation and human resources which have developed in municipal units of Stavropol Krai is characterized by decrease in number of country people due to migration out flow, not compensated by natural increase. The coefficient of demographic load of disabled age of persons of working-age grows. The agricultural organizations feel deficiency of labour. The youth share aged up to 30 years in structure of employees of the agricultural organizations in certain areas of Stavropol Krai makes less than five percent. The value of this indicator depends on a migration gain, size of investments per hectare of agricultural lands and level of the salary of workers. Accounting of these factors is necessary for the interconnected solution of problems of investment and demographic rural development of the region.
In this article the directions of development of interaction of municipal level of agrarian and industrial complex on the basis of properties of a control system of the public, economic and economic administration and local government of economic entities in the sphere of agro-industrial complex of the municipal unit are defined. Actions for improvement of the mechanism of interaction in the organizational and economic directions are planned. A certain economic relationship at microeconomic level in social and production spheres is allocated and also contradictions in social and economic development of levels in the course of their interaction, between economic and economic management and local government, public administration and local government are revealed.
A research objective is to estimate development of investment activities of economy of rural territories. Agriculture is one of the leading industries of Altai Krai and has a strategic importance as regarding ensuring food security, and effective use of resource capacity of rural territories. The most perspective is the southern zone, as in terms of diversification of economy of rural territories, and development of the branches of agriculture. Development of tourist and recreational activity of the southern zone of the region will contribute to the development of the local agro food markets, so and development of investment activities of economy of rural territories. Development of investment activities assumes definition of "growth points" within the conservative, forced and innovative scenarios.
At chronic deficiency of the budgetary resources allocated by the state for sustainable development of agriculture, his spatial organization is the most effective measure capable to increase profitability of branch and more stoutly to provide the population with domestic food. But for this purpose it is necessary that spatial development of agriculture first of all relied on agricultural division into districts of the country which forms a natural-science basis and a core of effective maintaining branch. At the same time the agricultural area represents the territory where the complex natural and socio-economic factors causes formation of steady combinations of the dominating and additional types of farming developing under the influence of features of the environment and economic conditions. Materials of agricultural division into districts can be used not only when forming specialized zones of production of separate types of agricultural production in borders of regions, but also when developing the scheme of placement and specialization of agriculture of the country. Such approach is quite justified from the point of view of a role of regions in production and realization of certain types of agricultural production, planning and forecasting of development of branch at the regional and federal levels, accounting of administrative-territorial division of the country. In article the possibility of use of domestic and foreign experiment on agricultural division into districts of the country and formation on this basis of specialized zones of production of separate types of agricultural production is considered. The system of measures for development of the scheme of placement and specialization of agriculture of the country taking into account domestic and foreign experience is offered.
In article the situation in economy of Russia which is characterized by the low level of competitiveness and also low labour productivity level is considered. Use of innovative project management is one of instruments of improvement of quality of management in general. In the message to Federal Assembly from 3/1/2018 the President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin has noted need of increase in overall performance of public authorities by introduction of instruments of project management. Effective project management at its correct application can become the engine of economic recovery through the accelerated increase in productivity of work. The key terminology used in the international practice of project management is presented, modern approaches and instruments of his introduction in practice are described, and modern trends of development of project management are revealed. The methodology of project management is created on the basis of long-term experience of implementation of projects, both in private, and in public sector, collected worldwide. Studying and uses of this experience and the tools created on its base will allow increasing quality of planning and implementation of the state projects.
The article deals with the problems of improving the economic regulation of agriculture. The main emphasis is on prices and price relations in agriculture. It is noted that the continuing volatility of prices leads to significant financial losses of production and instability of the entire industry. Price fluctuations are observed not only in agriculture, but also in industries supplying production resources, as well as in the food industry. Accordingly, the price relations between different areas of agriculture are changing. It is emphasized that the maximum price imbalances are currently formed in the implementation of food products in retail trade. Over the past six years, the growth of consumer prices for food products by 23 percentage points has outpaced the growth of prices for agricultural products. To equalize price imbalances in agriculture, it is necessary to develop a comprehensive system of measures to stabilize price fluctuations in the agricultural and food market of the country.
Growth of the population and the standard of living demands increase in volume of food in what the important place belongs to agriculture. These objective conditions stimulate transition of agriculture to new model of development in which the important place is taken by innovations and investments. At the same time it must be kept in mind that the agriculture has no sufficient volume of investment which is necessary for start and development of investment model. The state, on the one hand, forms basic designs of investment model, and with another, creates attractive climate for investors. At the same time it is necessary to consider the different level of development of agriculture in various regions of the country, different opportunities of the state in respect of investments. All this in total assumes formation of specific not only investment model of regional agriculture, but also a specific form (mechanism) of the state help and support. In article the attempt on the basis of the analysis of dynamics of volumes and instruments of the state support of agriculture of Kabardino-Balkaria to reveal the main tendencies of the mechanism of the state support in regional agriculture, to plan actions for further development of the formed investment model of regional agriculture becomes.
The article examines the tasks of differentiating state support measures, the solution of which will contribute to the formation of relatively equal competitive production conditions in the implementation of the State Program for the Development of Agriculture. It is shown that the current model of the organizational and economic mechanism of state support does not adequately solve the problem of equalization of profitability in terms of its differentiation, conditioned by the action of objective natural and climatic factors. The analysis of offered for use in practice indicators of an estimation of rent conditions of manufacture is carried out. The shortcomings of the officially used "index of soil fertility" are defined as a criterion for levelling. It is suggested to use the "grain equivalent" and its derivative as a criterion - "a score of bonitet for net income". An algorithm is proposed and calculations are made for determining the need for subsidies for equalizing the profitability of the regional agriculture.
An organizational-economic method of stimulating labour on the basis of a systematic approach has been developed. The main goal of this method is the construction of an algorithm for calculating bonus payments to employees of the main production, which ensures the maximum linkage of labour payment with the final financial results of farms. The need for the development of the method is justified by the weak relationship between labour costs and the final result, and, accordingly, by a disbalance between the interests of workers and employers, which is a consequence of a significant gap between the growth rates of labour productivity and the average monthly wage and is an important demotivating factor. Two groups of elements of the stimulating system are distinguished: external, determining the improvement of the methodological basis for choosing the wage system and stimulating the labour activity of the staff, in conjunction with the internal element, adapting the gradual system of calculating the constant part of labour remuneration based on ranking the results of peer review, defining ranges and forming "range" salaries, as well as proposed to consolidate the legislative list of types of material incentives due to participation in income. Through the percentage of profit growth, the size of collective bonuses is calculated, on the basis of which the value of individual bonuses is established using the score for knowledge and competence.
Systematized conditions confirm the necessity of investigation of one of the most important economic problem - pay strategies development in the agricultural sector of economics and its practical relevance enforcement. We suggest authorial concepts and the modal of its formation and realization. In content, the pay strategies should be systemic and should be worked out at the branch and the state level with various degree of its statements specification. Their specific features are proved. Comparative assessment of the basic points in the sphere of the pay strategy for 2018-2020 of industry agreement for Agro Industrial Complex and the General agreement between All-Russia trade-union amalgamations, All-Russia associations of employers and the Russian Federation Government allowed finding out their fundamental diversity. The pay strategies of any of business sent it to branch at the regional or federal level should be examined from the point of view of the assessment of its content and organization as well as the assessment of its social and economic efficiency according to practical implementation results. In this connection, the article suggests the system of statements, parameters and indicators of formation and of the pay strategies efficiency assessment of business entity. This system was used as a base for partial assessment of pay strategies in farms of the Orel region.