The relevance of the research topic is determined by the expediency of strengthening food security and providing the population with quality food products, taking into account the goods produced by genetic engineering modification. The authors analyze the main provisions of the Doctrine adopted in Russia, which defines food security as one of the main directions of national security of the country. The strategic goal of the main provisions of the Doctrine is to provide the population with safe products. The authors revealed the absence of a unified information system of traceability of food quality and safety at all stages of the life cycle within the Eurasian economic Union. The theoretical basis of the study is the results of scientific research of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of food quality and safety and regulatory legal acts. One of the important analyzed aspects was the study of safety of applied methods of non-target mutations in the use of genetic engineering in the production of food products. According to the authors, to solve the problems, it is advisable to apply a set of measures, including effective technical regulation in terms of tightening control of dual-use facilities, including GMOs by making appropriate changes to regulatory legal documents.
The article deals with the definition of possible risks and losses. The essence of risk consists in the possibility of rejecting the result obtained from the planned one. The consequences of getting any enterprise into a risky situation are losses. In the conditions of a developing market economy, there is always the possibility of losing part of the resources, shortfall in the planned profit or the appearance of additional costs. Risk is an inevitable part of any economic activity. The market economy is full of risks in all spheres of its manifestation. The classification of risks, ways to manage the reduction of risk levels and the probability of losses are described. It is expedient to solve successively complex multifactor tasks, including: detection of an increased risk area, assessment of the cost of risk, taking measures to prevent risks and reduce the consequences of risk situations. When analyzing risk, it is necessary to assess possible economic, political and other consequences; accompanying phenomena that can negatively affect the final results; to determine the degree of validity of decisions and behaviour under uncertainty; structuring of possible material, labour, financial, loss of time, special types of losses.
In Russia, organic agriculture is finding more and more supporters, however, due to the later development of the organic market; the country is lagging behind in production and consumption from many countries of the world. Russia has no strategy for the development of organic agriculture and markets for organic products. Since domestic organic production is a young sector of the economy, strategic planning and management of organic product markets is important at the level of the country and regions, as well as at the level of individual organizations that have decided to engage in the production of organic products. The authors summarized the views of individual scientists dealing with the problems of strategic planning, and also conducted an analysis of the domestic legal framework relating to strategies in various sectors of the economy of Russia and its regions, using general scientific research methods: analogy and abstraction, induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, synthesis and comparison. When developing a strategy for developing the market for organic products in Russia, it is necessary to lay the foundation for the balanced development of the sector, taking into account the expected national and world production and consumption. In the article, the authors propose to support the development of the organic production sector in four main strategic areas: 1) efficient and sustainable organic institutions; 2) communication and promotion; 3) promoting innovation; 4) a favourable political environment. The study concluded that only a coherent policy based on a clear strategy can give impetus to the rapid development of the organic sector in Russia.
Creation of new livestock complexes demands considerable investments. The purpose of researches is to develop a technique of justification of projects of creation of livestock complexes, taking into account branch specifics and features of development of the market of material resources. The stage-by-stage technique of justification of projects of creation of livestock complexes including the analysis of the market of agricultural machinery for livestock production, criteria for selection of suppliers of machinery and equipment for livestock production is presented. Use of the offered technique will increase investment attractiveness of the project.
The article presents the individual results of the innovation activities of the agricultural consulting system, and the dynamics of changes in the number of regional and district agricultural consulting centres in the Russian Federation for the period 1995-2017. It has been established that from 2013 to the present, there has been a decline in the development of the district level of the agricultural consulting system due to the lack of state support from the federal budget and uncertainty about the legal status of organizations included in the system. Agricultural organizations of all legal forms and educational institutions in 2017 provided 253 thousand consulting services to agricultural producers and the rural population. The most popular are technological consultations in the field of animal husbandry (22‰) and crop production (17‰), as well as consultations on state support (11‰), economics and production organization (9‰). In 2017, the largest number of innovative products was introduced in the livestock industry (305 units) and crop production (262 units), as well as in the sphere of economy and organization of production (103 units). Modernization of agricultural production is possible with the goal-oriented activities of all participants in the innovation process and involves the interaction of subjects of agricultural consulting with scientific organizations, agricultural authorities at all levels and other structures.
In the article the problems of formation of personnel support of agriculture in the period of transition to digital technologies are investigated; time segments characterizing the transformation of the rural social and labour sphere are analyzed; The tendencies of economic, social and infrastructure and technological downturns are revealed and the vision of measures on accumulation of potential for overcoming of crisis phenomena and stabilization of the situation in agriculture is presented. The questionnaire survey of highly qualified respondents in the context of three focus groups (managers, specialists and experts) made it possible to determine the current level of qualification of workers as minimally satisfactory, with only 4.5‰ of the surveyed executives fully satisfied with staff, in connection with which an analysis of measures to attract qualified personnel was conducted, and opinions were also found about the most popular specialists whose training at present I or is not conducted at all, or not so massive. According to the results of the study, a conclusion is drawn that in modern conditions of economic transitivity, new requirements are being formulated for training specialists for agriculture in terms of their professional competencies, which in turn causes the emergence of new specialties.
As a part of the state program "Development of agriculture and regulation of the markets of agricultural products, raw materials and food until 2020" in Altai Republic works the sub programme "Development of land reclamation of agricultural purpose". The materials reflecting activities of Federal State Budgetary Institution Management Meliovodkhoz of Republic Altay for increase in the irrigated lands in Kosh-Agachsky district on improvement of activities for human resource management are presented in article. It is shown that labour market in the Republic remains difficult; there are not enough specialists with agricultural and technical education. It is reasonable to apply to increase in efficiency of the water giving organizations IT technologies, and methods of increase in labour productivity.
With the transition to market relations, the conditions for the production and sale of milk and dairy products have changed. In 2012-2016, with an increase in the price of raw milk by more than 27‰, the price of cheese and butter increased by 42‰ and 55‰, respectively. Milk producers are not always able to sell their products at prices that would cover their costs and create opportunities for extended reproduction. The state has taken measures mainly to support raw milk producers. Taking into account the consolidation of state support measures since 2017 a subsidy has been introduced to increase productivity in dairy cattle breeding. At the same time, the promotion of milk and dairy products from the producer to the consumer is quite a costly and important process, which also needs state support. In these circumstances, the need for evidence-based state support for the market participants of milk and dairy products by combining them into industry unions, improving the quality of products through its standardization and certification, promoting the promotion of products.
The article presents some data of the analysis of the Russian market of potato 2016-2017. According to the Ministry of agriculture, consumption of potatoes by the Russians in the last decade is steadily growing. Gross potato harvest in Russia in 2017 remained at an average long-term level and amounted to 29.6 million tons. The data of the all-Russian agricultural census of 2016 revealed the fact that the area of potato planting in the households of the population is greatly overstated - by 625 thousand hectares. Experts believe that at present the share of subsidiary farms in the production of potatoes is about 68‰, not 78‰ as previously thought by the statistical authorities. The large-scale sector accounts for about 32‰, instead of the previously claimed 22‰. At the end of 2017, Russia provided itself with potatoes by 90.7‰ with a minimum of 95‰, established by the Doctrine of food security. According to the data of the fruit and Vegetable Union 20‰ of imports-seed potatoes, the average annual volume of imports of table potatoes in Russia is 400-600 thousand tons per year. Potato export from Russia increases from year to year and is produced in the CIS countries by 99‰. The strategy of agricultural production provides that the gross harvest of potatoes by 2030 should grow by 8‰ - up to 32 million tons. According to Rosstat, the ratio of prices of producers and resources for production is the most unfavourable in potato production. Further development of the potato market in Russia is impossible without the modernization of the potato production base.
In article the meat industry of Altai Krai are considered, the control system of quality interconnected from one of the most important branches of agriculture - livestock production is presented. In article, on the basis of statistical data of the market of meat and meat products of Altai Krai, the actions for improvement of a control system of quality directed to the economic growth and improving competitiveness of agricultural producers of Altai Krai are offered. Authors proved actions for improvement of the regulated control system of quality of meat and meat products in Altai Krai with obtaining the corresponding certificates of conformity on production of organic meat products. On condition of the accelerated development of livestock production and readiness to make organic products, Altai Krai will be among socially important regions for agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation.