THE EFFICIENCY OF THE ALLOCATION OF GRAIN PRODUCTION IN THE ALTAI TERRITORY
Issue № 10, 2024, article № 17, pages 129-137
Section: Location of production
Language: Russian
Original language title: ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ РАЗМЕЩЕНИЯ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ЗЕРНА В АЛТАЙСКОМ КРАЕ
Keywords: SPECIALIZATION OF PRODUCTION, SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE, PROFITABILITY OF PRODUCTION, GRAIN MARKET, INDEX ANALYSIS, GRAIN EXPORTS, INFRASTRUCTURE
Abstract: The purpose of the study is to identify the main trends in the development of grain farming in the Altai Territory, to assess the effectiveness of grain production by natural and climatic zones of the region and the influence of structural (spatial) factors on the profitability of grain production. The article identifies the main trends in the gross grain harvest in the Altai Territory, reveals an increase in the share of small forms of farming in the structure of grain producers and a change in the spatial distribution of grain crops. The main factor in increasing the gross grain harvest is an increase in the yield of grain crops, and a change in the area of harvesting grain crops for various categories of agricultural producers led to a decrease in gross harvest. Grain production is represented in all natural and climatic zones of the region with a high concentration of crops in the steppe and forest-steppe parts, however, the structure of crops by types of grain crops is different, which determines the variation in profitability from 27.7% to 69.2%. Differentiation in terms of gross grain harvest in agricultural organizations is increasing between municipalities of the Altai Territory, but mainly due to an increase in production volumes in areas with large amounts of grain crops. A direct, close dependence of the profitability of production on the yield of grain crops was revealed (the correlation coefficient varied from 0.849 to 0.941), costs per 1 hectare of sown area (the correlation coefficient ranged from 0.610 to 0.832) by natural and climatic zones. In the context of the natural and climatic zones of the region, the influence of structural (spatial) shifts on the profitability of grain production is positive, but non-essential structural factors led to an increase in grain profitability by only 0.98-1.27 percentage points. Profitability is mainly influenced by price factors affecting income from grain sales and an increase in the share of material costs and wages in the unit cost of production. The prospects for increasing the efficiency of the spatial development of grain farming in the region are associated with its integration into the world grain markets, and the improvement of grain production technology.
Authors: Vorobev Sergei Petrovich, Vorobeva Viktoriia Vladimirovna