THE IMPACT OF FACTORS AND SANCTIONS ON THE SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL REGIONAL SYSTEMS

DOI 10.32651/243-122

Issue № 3, 2024, article № 16, pages 122-133

Section: Social problems of rural territories

Language: Russian

Original language title: ВЛИЯНИЕ ФАКТОРОВ И САНКЦИЙ НА СОЦИАЛЬНОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ СЕЛЬСКИХ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫХ СИСТЕМ

Keywords: SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, SOCIAL PROGRAMS, REGIONAL SYSTEMS, RURAL TERRITORIES, RURAL ECONOMY, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC FACTORS, SANCTIONS, DIVERSIFICATION, ENTREPRENEURSHIP, QUALITY OF LIFE

Abstract: Rural territories, currently covering two thirds of the area of the Russian Federation and home to 37.34 million people, are a special component of regional systems and play an important role in the integrated socio-economic development of all regions of the country. Therefore, their effective social development is one of the key goals of modern socio-economic policy in Russia. In 2003-2013, the federal target program "Social development of the village" was implemented, in 2014-2017. – the departmental program "Sustainable development of rural areas for 2014-2017 and for the period up to 2020". On June 4, 2019, a new state program "Integrated rural development for 2020-2025" was approved. These programs involve (among many measures to support modern rural areas) the creation of favourable socio-economic conditions for the development of rural areas, including expanding public access to social services, improving their standard of living and eliminating topical social problems. The most important component of the social development of rural areas is to improve the quality of housing and communal services, the level of education, health, social security and accessibility of cultural and entertainment services. The social development of regional systems, including rural areas, is influenced by numerous factors, among which are, first of all, economic factors, and in recent years, Western sanctions. Sanctions and withdrawal of foreign capital, deterioration of the financial and economic situation of a significant number of agricultural enterprises in the regions leads to bankruptcy of some of them, mass layoffs of workers and increased unemployment, lower incomes, living standards, increased crisis, social inequality and social tension in rural areas. In addition, the revision of budget spending priorities, due to changes in the international situation, resource shortages lead to a reduction in government spending on social services such as health, education and social protection. This worsens the access of the population of regions, including rural areas, to social services, especially for vulnerable groups such as children, the elderly and poor families. In the context of the economic downturn and rising unemployment, migration of the population from rural areas to cities is also increasing. The number of many rural areas of the subjects of the Russian Federation is decreasing, which, in turn, has a negative impact on their social development. The purpose of this study is to actualize the need for a comprehensive analysis of the negative impact of economic factors and Western sanctions on the social development of rural regional systems in Russia in order to develop new and improve existing social programs and measures to support the population, stimulate economic diversification and the development of entrepreneurial activity in rural areas.

Authors: Akhmetov Viliur IAmilevich, Nizamutdinov Marsel Malikhovich