FOOD SELF-SUFFICIENCY AND IMPORT SUBSTITUTION IN RUSSIA

DOI 10.32651/2312-15

Issue № 12, 2023, article № 3, pages 15-26

Section: Program-target management of development of agricultural production

Language: Russian

Original language title: ПРОДОВОЛЬСТВЕННАЯ САМООБЕСПЕЧЕННОСТЬ И ИМПОРТОЗАМЕЩЕНИЕ В РОССИИ

Keywords: FOOD SELF-SUFFICIENCY, CONSUMPTION, PRODUCTION, FOOD SECURITY, AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX, IMPORT, IMPORT SUBSTITUTION, STATE REGULATION, SANCTIONS

Abstract: The structure of food consumption largely depends on the physical and economic availability of food, which, in turn, are predetermined by self-sufficiency, import parameters and solvency. In the structure of Russian imports, food products and agricultural raw materials occupy the third place after machinery, equipment, vehicles and chemical industry products. Fruits and nuts, alcoholic beverages, dairy products, as well as fish and seafood are the leaders among imported food products, and the import of the latter is increasing dynamically. The volume of imports of beef and pork meat is gradually decreasing. The amount of imported poultry meat is increasing, even with the growth of its own production. The per capita production of bread, milk, eggs, meat, vegetables, as well as fruits and berries is increasing. The problem of low self-sufficiency in milk, vegetable products, fruits and berries continues to remain unresolved. To increase self-sufficiency with these products, further systematic measures are needed to intensify the construction and reconstruction of greenhouse complexes, breeding work, and in general, to create conditions for the progressive development of fruit and vegetable growing. To increase self-sufficiency in milk, it is necessary to increase the number of cows with further intensification of dairy cattle breeding. The study showed that the sanctions confrontation brought not only risks, but also development opportunities to the domestic agricultural industry. The state is responsible for leveling risks by smoothing the weaknesses and using the strengths of the agro-industrial complex. Further comprehensive state support for the development of agriculture and processing industries is needed, aimed at solving their most acute problems.

Authors: Polianskaia Natalia Mikhailovna, Naidanova Erzhena Batozhargalovna, SHobdoeva Nadezhda Valerevna