FOOD SECURITY IN THE FIELD OF CONSUMPTION OF VEGETABLES AND FRUITS OF MELONS

DOI 10.32651/2310-59

Issue № 10, 2023, article № 11, pages 59-66

Section: Agrofood market

Language: Russian

Original language title: ПРОДОВОЛЬСТВЕННАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ В СФЕРЕ ПОТРЕБЛЕНИЯ ОВОЩЕЙ И ПЛОДОВ БАХЧЕВЫХ КУЛЬТУР

Keywords: VEGETABLE GROWING, MELON GROWING, FOOD SECURITY, ACCOMMODATION, PROFITABILITY, COST, STATE SUPPORT

Abstract: Over the years of the implementation of the State Program for the Development of Agriculture, food security indicators have been achieved for many types of products. However, they have not been achieved for some of its types, including vegetables and fruits of melons. Although there have been positive trends in the development of vegetable growing and melon growing. Vegetable production increased from 12.6 to 13.5 million tons, melon fruits – from 1.5 to 1.9 million tons. Their imports decreased from 2.8 to 2.0 million tons. This allowed the level of self–sufficiency to increase from 83.1 to 88.9%, economic accessibility - from 72.9 to 74.3%, consumption of vegetables and fruits of melons per capita - from 102 to 104 kg and reduce the share of imports in personal consumption from 19.2 to 13.1%. The achieved indicators of food security are below the planned level. The planned indicators are 90%, 100% and 140 kg, respectively. The production of some vegetables (cabbage, carrots, beets) and melon fruits per capita is less than the rational nutrition norm. The highest level of social security is observed in the Southern (173.1%), North Caucasus (131.5%), Volga (98.8%) federal districts and only in the North Caucasus and Southern districts the economic availability of products corresponds to the normative value. To achieve food security indicators, it is necessary to increase the production of vegetables and fruits of melons by 20.3% and bring it to 18.5 million tons. Further development of vegetable growing, and, consequently, the solution of the problem of food security will be facilitated by the concentration of vegetable production in specialized farms, the use of innovative technologies, import substitution in vegetable seed production, strengthening the storage base of products, the creation of consumer cooperatives for the storage and sale of vegetable products, improvement of state support for the industry.

Authors: Kulikov Ivan Mikhailovich, Minakov Ivan Alekseevich