DEVELOPMENT AND PLACEMENT OF FORAGE PRODUCTION FOR DAIRY CATTLE BREEDING IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Issue № 4, 2017, article № 14, pages 79-86

Section: Location of production

Language: Russian

Original language title: РАЗВИТИЕ И РАЗМЕЩЕНИЕ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА КОРМОВ ДЛЯ МОЛОЧНОГО СКОТОВОДСТВА В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

Keywords: PRODUCTION OF MEAT, FORAGES, MILK YIELD OF MILK, FODDER GRAIN, FORAGE CROPS, PRODUCTION PLACEMENT, EXPENSE AND PREPARATION OF FORAGES

Abstract: A research objective is to analyse a condition of production of forages for dairy cattle breeding and to reveal problems in placement of forage crops. Decrease in a livestock of the cattle including cows, has led to decrease in production of livestock production and reduction of acreage of forage crops. In a section of separate types of forage crops the largest specific weight is the share of annual herbs which are used for preparation of hay, green forage, a senazh, grass meal, briquettes, and granules in system of the green conveyor. One-year forage crops are cultivated in a certain climatic zone. In recent years their acreage was countrywide reduced and the main of them are concentrated in Volga, Siberian and Central federal districts. Long-term herbs are cultivated usually in mix with a clover, a lucerne and other bean cultures. On natural and economic zones various grades of long-term bean and cereal herbs are zoned, crop rotations and an agro technology of cultivation are developed for them. Production of fodder root crops is concentrated in regions with the developed dairy cattle breeding in the Central and Volga federal districts. Increase in production of livestock production is connected with volumes prepared and quantity of the spent forage on the head of cattle. The accelerated development of a forage production as due to use of factors of an intensification, and rational placement of production of forages is necessary.

Authors: Silaeva Lidiia Pavlovna, Alekseev Sergei Aleksandrovich, Didyk Alevtina Sergeevna