SPATIAL POLARIZATION AND INSTITUTIONAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN RUSSIAN VEGETABLE GROWING: TREND ASSESSMENT AND ADAPTATION MECHANISMS

DOI 10.32651/265-78

Issue № 5, 2026, article № 11, pages 78-85

Section: Agrofood market

Language: Russian

Original language title: ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННАЯ ПОЛЯРИЗАЦИЯ И ИНСТИТУЦИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ В ОВОЩЕВОДСТВЕ РОССИИ: ОЦЕНКА ТРЕНДОВ И МЕХАНИЗМЫ АДАПТАЦИИ

Keywords: VEGETABLE GROWING, FOOD SECURITY, REGIONAL DIFFERENTIATION, PRODUCTIVITY, INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE, STATE REGULATION, IMPORT SUBSTITUTION, INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS, AGRICULTURAL CLUSTERS, ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY, HUMAN RESOURCES POTENTIAL

Abstract: The article presents a multilevel analysis of structural and dynamic shifts in vegetable growing of the Russian Federation for the period 2016–2025. Based on econometric processing of official statistical data, a typology of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation was carried out according to the parameters of concentration of sown areas, productivity and gross harvest. The phenomenon of increasing spatial polarization was revealed: with a general increase in yield with an average annual trend of 3.68 c/ha, there is an increase in the gap between the leading regions (Southern, North Caucasus Federal Districts) and territories with negative dynamics (Central, Siberian Federal Districts). Institutional heterogeneity has been established: peasant (farm) farms demonstrate yield elasticity 21.7 percentage points higher than household farms, which indicates a more effective adaptation to market conditions. Critical vulnerabilities of the industry are systematized: import dependence in the seed production segment (the share of imported hybrids up to 70–80% for certain crops), degradation of the material and technical base and an acute shortage of modern vegetable storage facilities (losses up to 30% of the harvest), reduction of sown areas in risky farming zones, as well as a growing personnel shortage. A conceptual approach to the differentiation of state support measures is proposed, based on the principles of project financing. As priority areas, the following are substantiated: the formation of a national seed production system, stimulation of vertical integration within agricultural clusters, technological renovation based on digitalization, and the development of alternative formats (vertical farms) for extreme agro-climatic conditions.

Authors: Aleksandrova Natalia Rodionovna, Dolgova Ilgizia Muziakievna, Malliamova Elvira Nasykhovna