DEVELOPMENT OF EGG POULTRY FARMING AND THE CHANGE IN THE INDUSTRY STRUCTURE IN THE NORTHWESTERN FEDERAL DISTRICT IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITALIZATION AND BIOLOGIZATION OF PRODUCTION

DOI 10.32651/261-87

Issue № 1, 2026, article № 10, pages 87-95

Section: Agrofood market

Language: Russian

Original language title: РАЗВИТИЕ ЯИЧНОГО ПТИЦЕВОДСТВА И ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ ОТРАСЛЕВОЙ СТРУКТУРЫ В СЗФО В УСЛОВИЯХ ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИИ И БИОЛОГИЗАЦИИ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА

Keywords: EGG POULTRY FARMING, CONCENTRATION, INDUSTRY STRUCTURE, TERRITORIAL DIFFERENTIATION, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, DIGITALIZATION OF PRODUCTION, BIOLOGICS, EFFICIENCY

Abstract: The increase in egg production is accompanied by an increase in production concentration processes, a deepening of territorial and economic differentiation in the development of poultry farming. The largest poultry farms are increasing their egg production, while medium-sized ones are decreasing and going out of business, which leads to a significant reduction in egg production in many regions and a decrease in their share in gross production. An analysis of the distribution of the regions of the Northwestern Federal District by the growth rate of egg production showed that the three regions of the first group increased their combined gross egg production by 1.77 billion eggs or 65.2% from 2000 to 2024, while in the three regions of the third group, egg production decreased by 380 million eggs. or 81%. The analysis of Lorenz curves allows us to conclude that the regional polarization of the development of egg poultry farming in the regions has increased over the period from 2000 to 2024. The Gini coefficient increased from 0.531 to 0.761, or 1.4 times, from 2000 to 2024. The systematic digitalization of production and management at the largest poultry farms ensures the growth of an efficient scale of industrial egg production based on the principles of deep division of labor, conveyor organization, automation and robotization of production processes, which accelerates the concentration process. The two largest poultry farms with world-class technological development produced 83% of eggs in the Leningrad Region and 62% in the macroregion in 2024 and continue to increase production capacities, which will increase egg production in the Leningrad Region by 1.4 times to 5.1 billion eggs by 2028. Digital technologies ensure the accuracy of measurements of the parameters of the production process, increase the efficiency of intensification, which expands the possibilities for increasing the competitiveness of medium-scale poultry farms. Thus, reliable and prompt determination of changes in the most important production parameters when introducing innovative biological products into the poultry diet makes it possible to increase the objectivity of evaluating the effectiveness of their use, to carry out variant calculations of economic results using the developed models, which expands the possibilities of obtaining innovative rents, increasing the profitability of egg production by farms of various production scales in existing and projected economic conditions.

Authors: Surovtsev Vladimir Nikolaevich, Tiurina Daria Georgievna