EFFICIENCY OF MILK PRODUCTION IN AGRICULTURAL ORGANIZATIONS OF THE ALTAI TERRITORY OF VARIOUS PRODUCTION TYPES

DOI 10.32651/2510-75

Issue № 10, 2025, article № 10, pages 75-82

Section: Agrofood market

Language: Russian

Original language title: ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА МОЛОКА В СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯХ АЛТАЙСКОГО КРАЯ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННЫХ ТИПОВ

Keywords: DAIRY FARMING, TYPES OF PRODUCTION ENTERPRISES, COMBINATION OF PRODUCTION SECTORS, ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY, PROFITABILITY OF PRODUCTION, SCALE ECONOMIES

Abstract: The purpose of the study is to identify the main trends in changes in the economic efficiency of production in agricultural organizations in the Altai Territory, and to assess their changes by enterprises of various production types. The article identifies the main trends in changes in the structure of milk production and sales by categories of agricultural producers in Russia and the Altai Territory. It reveals an increase in the share of large and medium-sized organizations in the gross production of milk. Based on the example of the Altai Territory, the following trends in the efficiency of milk production in agricultural organizations have been identified: an increase in milk yield per cow; a decrease in labor costs per cow and per ton of milk; an increase in production costs due to higher costs for feed, labor costs with deductions, and depreciation; and a faster rate of increase in costs compared to the rate of increase in prices, which leads to a decrease in the profitability of production. In the structure of agricultural enterprises in the Altai Territory engaged in milk production, specialized organizations (a sample population) prevailed, and dairy-type enterprises prevailed in the structure of specialized organizations. Dairy-type enterprises produced 43.44% of the milk produced by the sample set of enterprises, the production size corresponded to the average values, the yield per cow was higher, the labor intensity of producing 1 ton of milk was lower, and the profitability of production was higher, despite the unprofitability of in-house milk processing. High efficiency in milk production was also observed in grain-and-dairy specialization organizations, which produced 22.46% of the milk. The worst production and financial indicators were observed in dairy and meat-processing organizations. Dairy and grain-dairy enterprises generated the maximum profit per cow, while dairy-meat enterprises were unprofitable. The profitability of milk production was highest at dairy and grain-dairy enterprises, while it was lowest at dairy-meat enterprises. It was noted that improving the efficiency of milk production is related to increasing cow productivity, managing costs, and maintaining optimal prices in the milk market.

Authors: Vorobev Sergei Petrovich, Vorobeva Viktoriia Vladimirovna