TYPICAL MODELS OF THE MECHANISM OF TRANSFER OF SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENTS INTO ECONOMIC PRACTICE: ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE SUNFLOWER SEED MARKET

DOI 10.32651/247-14

Issue № 7, 2024, article № 3, pages 14-31

Section: Problems of efficient management

Language: Russian

Original language title: ТИПОВЫЕ МОДЕЛИ МЕХАНИЗМА ТРАНСФЕРА НАУЧНЫХ РАЗРАБОТОК В ХОЗЯЙСТВЕННУЮ ПРАКТИКУ: НА ПРИМЕРЕ РЫНКА СЕМЯН ПОДСОЛНЕЧНИКА

Keywords: RUSSIA, CROP PRODUCTION, SUNFLOWER SEED MARKET, TRANSFER OF SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENTS

Abstract: In modern conditions of civilizational transformations, accelerated import substitution of means of production in the domestic agricultural sector should be based on the transfer of scientific developments into economic practice. The article provides an analysis of literature sources on modeling innovative processes in crop production and, on this basis, a block diagram of technological modernization of the agricultural sector is proposed, which includes the following blocks: research, technology transfer, financial, production and personnel training and retraining. It is concluded that currently there is no close interaction between developers of scientific products and business, and systemic problems hindering this process have been revealed. The reasons for the shortage of personnel in the industry are revealed and the main directions for overcoming this negative situation are listed. It is noted that the transfer of scientific developments to the real sector of the economy is a complex and multifaceted process consisting of components that make up the object of modeling, endogenous and exogenous factors, mechanisms and tools for the implementation of the subprograms of the Federal Scientific and Technical Program for the Development of Agriculture for 2017-2030 (hereinafter – FNTP). At the same time, the technological modernization of the agricultural sector of the economy based on the implementation of the subprograms of the FNTP in the time period should be divided into 2 separate stages – the "stage of foresight" and the "stage of direct implementation into economic practice". As a positive example of the mechanism of transfer to the real sector of the economy, the paper considers the market of sunflower seeds and oilseeds. FGIS "Seed Production" should become an effective tool in the development of the seed market, which will ensure the traceability of seed material from the field of the originator of the variety (hybrid) to the agro-producer. The economic efficiency of sunflower seed production in comparison with the production of oilseeds is shown and the forecast of cultivation of this crop until 2026 is given. The regression and variance analysis in the STATISTICA package made it possible to determine the relationship between the yield level of sunflower seed crops and the cost of its production for 2017-2022. Special attention is paid to state support in the production of sunflower seeds, which until 2024 was provided in the form of compensatory and incentive subsidies, which amounted to 22.2 million rubles. Directions for the accelerated development of the sub-sector of seed production in order to ensure technological sovereignty in crop production are proposed.

Authors: Nechaev Vasilii Ivanovich, Semenov Aleksandr Vladimirovich