ANALYSIS OF THE SOYBEAN SEED MARKET AND REGIONAL SPECIFICS OF THE PLACEMENT OF ORIGINATOR ORGANIZATIONS OF VARIETIES

DOI 10.32651/245-64

Issue № 5, 2024, article № 9, pages 64-73

Section: Agrofood market

Language: Russian

Original language title: АНАЛИЗ РЫНКА СЕМЯН СОИ И РЕГИОНАЛЬНОЙ СПЕЦИФИКИ РАЗМЕЩЕНИЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЙ-ОРИГИНАТОРОВ СОРТОВ

Keywords: SOYBEANS, SEED MARKET, FOOD SECURITY DOCTRINE, IMPORT SUBSTITUTION, BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION

Abstract: In accordance with the Doctrine of Food Security, the availability of Russian seeds of agricultural crops should be at least 75%. The share of domestic soybean varieties in the State Register does not exceed 67% today, which indicates the presence of import dependence. Over a ten-year period, the acreage under soybeans increased 2.5 times and amounted to 3.7 million hectares by 2023, and the gross harvest increased 4.2 times and amounted to 6.7 million tons. According to forecasts of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia, by 2024-2025, the gross soybean harvest should be increased to 7.5 million tons. In order to ensure further growth of these indicators, it is necessary to increase soybean production through the use of seeds of new domestic varieties. Domestic soybean breeding and seed production are concentrated in the central and Far Eastern regions. Over the period from 2013 to 2023, more than 120 soybean varieties were registered by state breeding scientific institutions. The largest state originator organizations are the Federal Research Center "All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Soybeans", the Federal Research Center "All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Oilseeds named after V.S. Pustovoita", Federal Research Center "Agrobiotechnology of the Far East named after A.K. Chaika". During the same period, commercial seed breeding organizations registered more than 40 varieties of soybeans, the leading positions are occupied by Soy Complex Company LLC, Russian Genetics LLC and EkoNiva-Seeds LLC. At the same time, about 80 varieties of soybeans of foreign selection were included in the State Register, the largest market share belongs to the companies Societe RAGT 2N S.A.S. (France), Semences Prograin INC (Canada), Institut za Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo (Serbia). The development of the breeding and seed industry will be facilitated by strengthening the biotechnological direction and other modern methods of breeding in fundamental science, digitalization of the base of genetic resources, improvement of state support and legal regulation measures, creation of key breeding centers in the main geographical areas of co-sowing, adoption at the state level of a strategy for the development of breeding in the country.

Authors: Degtiareva Elena Dmitrievna, CHutcheva IUliia Vasilevna, Belyshkina Marina Evgenevna