EVALUATION OF THE MACHINE AND TRACTOR FLEET IN AGRICULTURE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

DOI 10.32651/245-8

Issue № 5, 2024, article № 2, pages 8-15

Section: Problems of efficient management

Language: Russian

Original language title: ОЦЕНКА МАШИННО-ТРАКТОРНОГО ПАРКА В СЕЛЬСКОМ ХОЗЯЙСТВЕ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

Keywords: AGRICULTURE, PARK, TRACTORS, COMBINES, ASSESSMENT, NUMBER, SECURITY

Abstract: The growth of agricultural production is largely based on modern agricultural machinery. In the Russian Federation, products are produced by three categories of farms, their share is changing: the shares of agricultural enterprises are increasing (from 54% in 2015 to 60% in 2023) and farms (from 11.5% to 14.9%), the share of households is decreasing (from 34.5% to 25.1%, respectively). Considering the problem of insufficient equipment, they often operate only with data on the fleet in agricultural organizations (agricultural enterprises), which is decreasing (in 2022 – 196.7 thousand tractors, 1% less than in 2021), 52.3 thousand combine harvesters, 10.7 thousand forage harvesters (2% less). The data of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia (in the Unified Intersectoral Information Statistical System – EMISS) and the State Technical Supervision authorities give large figures, since they probably take into account the equipment in the farm. According to the All-Russian Agricultural Census of 2016 There were 295046 tractors in the agricultural sector (28% of the total number), and 190486 tractors in the agricultural sector. (18%), in households – 555200 (54%), combine harvesters in agricultural enterprises – 75145 units . (55%) in the farm – 62795 units. (45%). The assessment of the machine and tractor fleet in agriculture of the Russian Federation only by the presence of physical units in the agricultural sector does not give a complete picture. It seems that it is necessary to take into account other categories of farms, primarily farms, as well as to analyze its qualitative condition, which can be assessed by knowing the brand composition. It is proposed to include these indicators (the brand composition of the MTP) in the next All-Union Agricultural Census. Obtaining these data will allow a more objective assessment of the adequacy of the MTP for the country's agriculture.

Authors: Kuzmin Valerii Nikolaevich