VERTICAL INTEGRATION IN BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION AS A DRIVER FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF DOMESTIC CROP PRODUCTION

DOI 10.32651/245-10

Issue № 4, 2024, article № 2, pages 10-21

Section: Program-target management of development of agricultural production

Language: Russian

Original language title: ВЕРТИКАЛЬНАЯ ИНТЕГРАЦИЯ В СЕЛЕКЦИИ И СЕМЕНОВОДСТВЕ КАК ДРАЙВЕР РАЗВИТИЯ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОГО РАСТЕНИЕВОДСТВА

Keywords: RUSSIA, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, NEOINDUSTRIALIZATION, BREEDING, SEED PRODUCTION, FNTP, VERTICAL INTEGRATION

Abstract: The work is devoted to the issues of neoindustrialization of domestic crop production based on the creation of high-tech products in breeding and seed production. The high dependence of the industry on foreign-selected seeds was noted, which increased 2.7 times only from 2016 to 2022. The need for a system of expanded reproduction of the achievements of the Federal Scientific and Technical Program for the Development of Agriculture for 2017-2030, in which the production of high–tech products should be brought into full compliance with the law of vertical integration, is substantiated. The reasons for the slow recovery of Russian breeding are revealed, primarily due to insufficient financing of both the program itself and agricultural science in general, in comparison with foreign multinational breeding companies. In addition, this is due to imperfect legislation in the field of seed breeding, a mechanism for financing complex scientific and technical projects, and incomplete localization of seed production by foreign companies in the country. It is proved that the lack of seeds leads to untimely variety change and variety renewal in the real sector of the economy. It is shown that the selection process of agricultural crops is a complex system that, in modern conditions of scientific and technological progress, should take place on the basis of vertical integration, which is part of the organizational mechanism of neo-industrialization, effective use of the material and technical base, living and materialized labor and return on capital investments. As a result of the large-scale industrialization of the research and development sector of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, 50 agricultural research centers and 30 interdisciplinary land-secured experimental farms for primary seed production of basic crops have been created in 55 regions of the country. The material base of scientific organizations has been strengthened (114 new laboratories have been created, 86 of which are engaged in research in the field of crop production and biotechnology), human resources have been strengthened (1,100 new researchers have been attracted; the average age in scientific organizations was 47 years). Additional measures have been developed and proposed to accelerate the implementation of breeding achievements in the real sector of the country's economy, which will reduce the dependence of domestic agricultural business on foreign technologies, this is especially important in difficult conditions of sanctions pressure.

Authors: Nechaev Vasilii Ivanovich