THE DEVELOPMENT OF BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS WITHIN THE EAEU

DOI 10.32651/242-121

Issue № 2, 2024, article № 18, pages 121-127

Section: Foreign news

Language: Russian

Original language title: РАЗВИТИЕ СЕЛЕКЦИИ И СЕМЕНОВОДСТВА СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ КУЛЬТУР В РАМКАХ ЕАЭС

Keywords: CROP BREEDING, CROP SEED PRODUCTION, FOOD SECURITY, EURASIAN ECONOMIC UNION, IMPORT DEPENDENCE, ECONOMIC INTEGRATION

Abstract: Genetic potential of the variety and seed quality are the fundament for building effective farming activities and ensuring food security. For this reason, it is the strategic task to develop breeding and seed production for such a major player in the international agn-food market as the Eurasian Economic Union. In particular, according to the Food Security Doctrine of the Russian Federation, self-sufficiency in seeds of the main agricultural crops of Russian selection should be at least 75%, the sectoral program documents of the Member States of the Union contain measures for the development of these sectors. The article presents an analysis of the indicators of the development of breeding and seed production of agricultural crops within the Union. The indicators of the foreign trade of the Member States in seeds indicate the existence of a common task The annual volume of inports of agricultural seeds from third countries surpasses I billion dollars USA, the main share of which is accounted for sugar beet seeds, corn, sunflower, vegetable crops, as well as planting material of fruit crops. At the same time, the volume of rmtual trade in seeds is about 100 million dollars USA, which indicates the existing potential for cooperation in high-tech breeding and primary seed production. The article contains both an assessment of the constraints and proposals to strengthen cooperation between the member States in these areas, including the implementation of joint projects, the development of the law of the Union and joint training programsfor breeders.

Authors: Kusainova Aina Birzhanovna, Drobyshevskii Andrei Andreevich