ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC FUNDAMENTALS OF THE FUNCTIONING OF DAIRY CATTLE FARMING UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF SANCTIONS

DOI 10.32651/2312-82

Issue № 12, 2023, article № 11, pages 82-88

Section: Agrofood market

Language: Russian

Original language title: ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЯ МОЛОЧНОГО СКОТОВОДСТВА В УСЛОВИЯХ САНКЦИОННОГО ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯ

Keywords: MILK PRODUCTION, CENTRAL FEDERAL DISTRICT, ELEMENT OF TECHNOLOGY, ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY, IMPORT SUBSTITUTION

Abstract: An analysis of the dynamics of milk production in the Central Federal District showed that in general there is a significant decline in the macroregion, despite the tendency to increase production. In addition, the role of agricultural organizations in the overall structure of milk production by all categories of farms is growing. Taking into account this trend, an analysis of the elements of organizing the technology of milk production according to the intensive type was carried out, as a result of which the optimal characteristics of the identified elements were determined. To determine the effectiveness of the implemented technologies, an assessment was made of the economic efficiency of milk production in the largest enterprises - milk producers of the Central Federal Complex. It was established that, based on the combination of two indicators reflecting the efficiency of milk production, the best results were achieved in Samarinskoe LLC, Belgorod region, where 9863 kg of milk and 446.3 thousand in revenue from product sales were produced per 1 cow in 2022. A characteristic feature of the studied population of agricultural enterprises is the widespread use of foreign technical means, equipment and software in milk production. Under the influence of sanctions, the operation of such equipment becomes difficult and in the future may require replacement with domestic developments. A review of the capital goods market showed that for almost every element of intensive technology under study, there is a domestic alternative analogue, with the exception of milking machines for machine milking. Thus, it is the production of domestic milking machines that should be considered as a critical area of import dependence in dairy cattle breeding.

Authors: Kitaev IUrii Aleksandrovich, Gaidaenko Aleksei Albertovich, Uzhik Vladimir Fedorovich, Kitaeva Oksana Vladimirovna