DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS OF THE RURAL POPULATION IN THE «MIRROR» OF THE ALL-RUSSIAN POPULATION CENSUSES
Issue № 11, 2023, article № 17, pages 115-122
Section: Social problems of rural territories
Language: Russian
Original language title: ДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКИЕ ИНДИКАТОРЫ СЕЛЬСКОГО НАСЕЛЕНИЯ В «ЗЕРКАЛЕ» ВСЕРОССИЙСКИХ ПЕРЕПИСЕЙ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ
Keywords: POPULATION, RURAL POPULATION, URBAN POPULATION, ALL-RUSSIAN POPULATION CENSUS
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to carry out a comparative analysis of individual demographic characteristics (population size, number of rural settlements, gender and age indicators) of the rural population of the Russian Federation, obtained on the basis of the results of the All–Russian Population Censuses of 2002, 2010, 2020, in order to establish the main trends in their development. In the process of preparing the article, the authors used the materials of the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation, the works of scientists on the problems of the demographic situation in urban and rural areas. In 2002-2020 the population of the Russian Federation was dominated by the urban population (its share in the total population averaged 73.9% over the period). The share of the rural population in 2020 decreased from 26.7% to 25.2% in comparison with 2002 (which is 1,631 thousand people). When comparing the number of rural population in the subjects of the Russian Federation in 2020, 18 regions of the Russian Federation were identified since 2010, where positive growth rates of this indicator were noted, in the seregions the rural population increased by 1126.8 thousand people in total. In 2020, compared with 2002: the proportion of the rural population younger than able-bodied decreased from 21.4% to 18.7%, that is, in the future, the number of able-bodied population in rural areas will decrease, the human potential will deteriorate; the proportion of the population older than able-bodied increased and reached 25.6% (versus 22.6%), that is there is a tendency of aging of the rural population. In 2020, the demographic load per 1,000 people of working age in urban areas was equal to 688 people of working age, and in rural areas – 795 people; at the same time, in the indicator of demographic load, the largest share is occupied in rural areas by people older than working age (57.9%). While maintaining the prevailing trends in the development of the demographic situation in rural area soft he Russian Federation The problems of rural population participation in the labor force and employment remain relevant.
Authors: Guliaeva Tatiana Ivanovna, Takmakova Elena Valerevna, Zaitsev Aleksei Gennadevich