PROBLEMS OF PRICING FOR BREEDING MATERIAL AT DAIRY CATTLE BREEDING

DOI 10.32651/237-74

Issue № 7, 2023, article № 10, pages 74-80

Section: Agrofood market

Language: Russian

Original language title: ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЦЕНООБРАЗОВАНИЯ НА ПЛЕМЕННОЙ МАТЕРИАЛ МОЛОЧНОГО СКОТОВОДСТВА

Keywords: BREEDS, DAIRY CATTLE BREEDING, BREEDING MATERIAL, SELF-SUFFICIENCY, EXPANDED REPRODUCTION, PRICING

Abstract: The methods of long-term storage and transportation of sperm which were developed under the guidance of VASKHNIL Academician V.K. Milovanov led the animal breeding system to the fundamentally new level and predetermined the intensive integration of local livestock populations into the global international system. Russian dairy cattle breeding hardly hold its position in constant competition with the largest multinational corporations which produce and sell breeding materials. In 2021, the import dependence of the breeding stock at breeding farms rose up to 22.1%, the share of imported heifers at domestic market was 36.3%. At the market of breeding bulls the domestic cattle still prevail (95.5%), but, for example, for Holstein breed this figure has dropped to 68.8%. The particularly unfavorable situation, which has had a negative impact on positions of Russian dairy cattle breeding, remains at domestic market of bull seed producers. Ignoring by modern producers the basic principles of "large-scale breeding" at dairy cattle, as well as the transition to "monobreed" led to significant imbalance at domestic breeding market. The periodic reduction of the customs tariff and the cancellation of taxes for importers, as well as the using of dumping prices by them, significantly unbalance the domestic market of breeding materials and reduce the demand for domestic products. The economic mechanisms of government regulation to overcome the influence of external factors on the prices at domestic market of breeding products, which could contribute to the sustainable development of Russian dairy cattle breeding, are presented. They are based on simple principles that are successfully used in the world practice of agricultural markets regulating. When there is a shortage of products at domestic market, first of all, domestic producers are stimulated to increase the supply, and when it’s overproduction, the buyers are subsidized for demand increasing.

Authors: CHinarov Vladimir Ivanovich