LAND RESOURCE IN THE AGRI-FOOD STRATEGY OF RUSSIA AND CHINA

DOI 10.32651/236-121

Issue № 6, 2023, article № 17, pages 121-129

Section: Foreign news

Language: Russian

Original language title: ЗЕМЕЛЬНЫЙ РЕСУРС В АГРОПРОДОВОЛЬСТВЕННОЙ СТРАТЕГИИ РОССИИ И КИТАЯ

Keywords: LAND RESOURCES, AGRI-FOOD STRATEGY, AGRICULTURAL LANDS, FOOD SECURITY, RUSSIA, CHINA, SANCTIONS, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS

Abstract: The deterioration of agricultural lands in the world and their reduction exacerbates the issue of world food security, and the food problem becomes not only economic, but also political. The time will come when the economic and political power of states will largely be determined by their land resources. Under the conditions of Western sanctions, the "eastern" vector of Russia's agrarian economy has intensified. The article gives a general assessment of the use of agricultural lands of two world powers – Russia and China. Russia is the leader in the area of land resources. In recent years, there has been a tendency to reduce agricultural land in Russia while increasing it in China. Agricultural land is not used fully rationally and efficiently; the area of arable land has significantly decreased, while the per capita availability of arable land in China is many times lower than in Russia. China's agriculture is developing more intensively, thanks to which the volume of food production is significantly higher than Russian, both in general and per hectare of agricultural land. In Russia, the level of technical equipment of agriculture is several times lower than in China, which requires reasonable government intervention in regulating the development of the agro-food sector. The State should, and in exceptional cases, is obliged to provide agricultural producers with monetary and material and technical resources that create the potential for rational and efficient use of land. The gradual "depopulation" of rural areas and the non-use of land, especially in the Far Eastern regions of Russia, with a significant shortage of agricultural land in China, increases its demand for the provision of Russian land for long-term lease, which requires ensuring safe, economical exploitation of agricultural land, preserving their fertility for future generations. Not all countries of the world have such a reserve of land as Russia. It should be spent responsibly, and the land, and in general, the agri-food strategy should be planned taking into account all opportunities and threats.

Authors: Kolesniak Antonina Aleksandrovna, Polianskaia Natalia Mikhailovna, Koval Anatolii Nikolaevich