THE ZONAL SPECIALIZATION OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN THE REGION

DOI 10.32651/235-113

Issue № 5, 2023, article № 16, pages 113-120

Section: Location of production

Language: Russian

Original language title: ЗОНАЛЬНАЯ СПЕЦИАЛИЗАЦИЯ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВА РЕГИОНА

Keywords: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, ZONAL SPECIALIZATION, CROP PRODUCTION, ANIMAL HUSBANDRY, VEGETABLE GROWING, AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE

Abstract: The zonal specialization of agricultural production is a consequence of the geographical and climatic conditions of the territories. Natural and climatic factors cannot be considered in isolation from such a concept as a system. At present, increased attention is being paid to the development and development of systems that increase the sustainability of agriculture as a whole. In agricultural production, they mainly deal with open systems that are characterized by a high degree of interaction with the external environment and are able to adapt to it. At the same time, adaptation does not always lead to the development and improvement of production and processes taking place in the region. It is not uncommon if this process is not regulated, it leads to an imbalance between the sub-sectors of agriculture. The influence of the external environment has led to drastic changes in the zonal specialization of the territories of the region. If in the twentieth century natural and climatic conditions were the basis for specialization, now geopolitical factors are in the first place. The most affected branch of agriculture in the changed conditions was animal husbandry in terms of beef cattle breeding, sheep breeding. To equalize the position of industries, the authors propose to apply zonal distribution when using agricultural insurance. The authors also believe that agricultural insurance should contribute to the balance of zonal specialization, since agriculture is a specific branch of the economy, the features of which are the seasonal nature of crop cultivation, and high dependence on weather conditions, which entails uneven costs and output. In this regard, in agriculture, special attention should be paid to the protection of the property interests of agricultural producers − agricultural insurance. It is advisable for agricultural producers to provide insurance services in a "package", which includes insurance of crops, animals, vehicles, finished products, etc. At the same time, insurance "in a package" may primarily be of great interest to highly profitable agricultural enterprises with livestock specialization.

Authors: CHernova Svetlana Georgievna, Nitiago Irina Vasilevna, Ozhogova Olga Viktorovna