SYSTEM OF INDICATIVE INDICATORS FOR CLASSIFICATION OF TERRITORIES BY TYPES OF NATURAL-CLIMATE AND AGRICULTURAL-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

DOI 10.32651/235-62

Issue № 5, 2023, article № 8, pages 62-68

Section: REGIONAL ECONOMY

Language: Russian

Original language title: СИСТЕМА ИНДИКАТИВНЫХ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ ДЛЯ КЛАССИФИКАЦИИ ТЕРРИТОРИЙ ПО ТИПАМ ПРИРОДНО- КЛИМАТИЧЕСКОГО И АГРАРНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ

Keywords: CROP PRODUCTION, PLACEMENT, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, GRAIN SUB COMPLEX, CLUSTER ANALYSIS, DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS, AGRO-CLIMATIC FACTORS

Abstract: Agricultural business is a highly risky activity. The result is influenced by many agro-climatic factors, which by their nature are random. However, over a long period of time, factors manifest themselves in a limited space on average, with some deviations, which allows them to be taken into account to determine a successful combination of crops for cultivation. The territory of the Penza region and the grain sub complex of crop production were chosen as the object of research. To carry out the analysis, preliminary clustering of the districts of the Penza region was carried out according to the structure of the sown areas of grain crops. The districts of the Penza region are not homogeneous in the structure of grain crops grown. In the last thirty years, there have been significant structural shifts in the grain industry of the Penza region, which are caused by both changes in the economic feasibility of cultivation and correction of agro-climatic conditions. In addition, it is impossible not to take into account the success of breeding and agricultural technology. Increasing crop productivity is an urgent task of grain production. In this regard, the article analyzes the agro-climatic factors that have a significant impact on the yield of various grain crops in the districts of the Penza region. The analysis was carried out on the basis of an assessment of the significance of the coefficients of discriminant functions constructed on the basis of nine variables characterizing the agro-climatic conditions of the districts of the region. Discriminant functions characterized the previously obtained clusters, which characterized different levels of grain yield for the period from 1979 to 2021. The main factors influencing the variability of the yield of various grain crops in the Penza region are determined. The result of the work was the secondary clustering of the districts of the Penza region. Based on the conducted division, it turned out to determine the structure of specialization of grain farming in the Penza region. The results are important for accurate calculation of the risk of growing grain crops in various districts of the Penza region.

Authors: Vinnichek Liubov Borisovna, Kindaev Aleksandr IUrevich, Moiseev Aleksandr Vladimirovich