OPTIMIZATION OF CORN CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE MOSCOW REGION

DOI 10.32651/234-70

Issue № 4, 2023, article № 10, pages 70-75

Section: Agrofood market

Language: Russian

Original language title: ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ВОЗДЕЛЫВАНИЯ КУКУРУЗЫ В МОСКОВСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ

Keywords: CORN, TECHNOLOGY, INTEGRATED SYSTEMS, PRODUCTION COSTS, SAVINGS

Abstract: Taking into account innovative approaches to the development of agricultural sectors in terms of the equipment used, types and methods of fertilization, crop farms should apply modern developments in their operational activities. Modern agricultural machinery makes it possible to perform technological operations 2-3 times faster than machines of the previous generation, since complex systems perform up to seven consecutive operations in one pass, which will entail cost savings and lower production costs. The article offers a variant of improving the technology of cultivation of corn for grain of the GS-180 variety in the conditions of the Moscow region on an area of 500 hectares with a planned yield of up to 110 kg/ha. It is proposed to combine several operations in one pass with a rational replacement of fertilizers, replace MTZ-82.1 and K744P1 tractors with more productive New Holland T8.390 and New Holland T4 F. Plowing can be performed with simultaneous application of complex fertilizers and disking of the soil with the VaderstadTopDown 900 unit. The Challenger CH9824 seeder has been replaced by John Deere DB37, which simultaneously carries out fertilization (diammophoska), which will reduce the dose by 18-25% from 220 kg/ha to 168 kg/ha. During harvesting, the Acros 595 harvester was replaced with a more productive and economical John Deere X9. The original pesticides were also replaced with cheaper analogues. The savings in production costs per 1 ha of 4.2 thousand rubles were obtained, based on 1 ts of collected products 38.26 rubles/ts, or 14.7%

Authors: Sergeeva Natalia Viktorovna, Malykha Ekaterina Fedorovna