FEATURES OF THE FORMATION AND USE OF FRUIT RESOURCES IN RUSSIA IN THE POST-SANCTION PERIOD

DOI 10.32651/223-79

Issue № 3, 2022, article № 14, pages 79-87

Section: Agrofood market

Language: Russian

Original language title: ОСОБЕННОСТИ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ И ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ РЕСУРСОВ ПЛОДОВОЙ ПРОДУКЦИИ В РОССИИ В ПОСТСАНКЦИОННЫЙ ПЕРИОД

Keywords: FRUIT BALANCES, HORTICULTURE, IMPORT, SANCTIONS FIGHT, IMPORT SUBSTITUTION

Abstract: The article examines the impact of measures of mutual struggle between Russia and the countries of the collective west in the foreign trade of food in the period from 2014 to 2020, as well as state support on the processes of formation and use of resources of seed crops in the country. It was established that in Russia there is an increase in the production of fruits of the main domestic fruit crop - apple trees - due to the laying of intensive orchards in commercial forms of management. During the period under review, the import of apples and pears into the country decreased by 20 and 40 per cent, respectively, as well as the country structure of imports of these fruits changed. Deliveries of fruits from EC countries were partially replaced by deliveries from the CIS countries, South America, Africa, Turkey and Serbia. In the structure of apple imports, unauthorized deliveries (more than 15%) occupy a large share without a statement from the country of origin. The presence of such food on the market reduces the effectiveness of protectionist measures to support the increase in domestic production of industrial gardening. During the analyzed period, the volume of apples going for industrial processing increased the type structure of production of fruit processing products in the country changed. In recent years, there has been an increase in the production of baby food, fruit and berry jams, mashed potatoes and a decrease in the production of fruit juices. The raw materials for these types of production remain mainly im-tailor products. To activate the processes of import substitution in the production of fruits and their processed products, it is necessary to increase the volume and targeting of state support in the processes of laying intensive gardens, the formation of modern production infrastructure, the selection of fruit and berry crops, the creation and support of nursery breeding, phytosanitary and varietal control of the produced planting material.

Authors: Ishchenko Nikita Valerevich