PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF OPEN-GROUND VEGETABLE GROWING ON THE BASIS OF BIOLOGY

DOI 10.32651/213-65

Issue № 3, 2021, article № 12, pages 65-70

Section: Agrofood market

Language: Russian

Original language title: ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ОВОЩЕВОДСТВА ОТКРЫТОГО ГРУНТА НА ОСНОВЕ БИОЛОГИЗАЦИИ

Keywords: OPEN-GROUND VEGETABLE GROWING, RESOURCE POTENTIAL, EFFICIENCY, SELF-SUFFICIENCY, FOOD SECURITY, PRODUCTION, CONSUMPTION, BIOTECHNOLOGIES

Abstract: The production of open-ground vegetables has good prospects in the future, which is due to the growth of effective demand for products, the orientation of the population on proper nutrition, which, of course, will contribute to the introduction of innovative technologies and biotechnologies in the activities of all categories of producers. The introduction of the food embargo served as a kind of impetus for the development of the sub-sector, increasing the volume of production by domestic producers. Certain results have been achieved, but the issue of self-sufficiency in vegetable products has not been resolved. Using theoretical and empirical research methods, the authors identified a positive trend in the development of the sub-sector as a whole in the Russian Federation and in particular agricultural enterprises of the Moscow region. Modern production is focused on intensive technologies, biotechnologies, resource conservation, increasing not only quantitative, but primarily qualitative indicators of products. Investments in the industry are insufficient, despite the strengthening of state support. The level of profitability of the production of vegetables of large and small producers is in the range of 20-30‰. The main factors of the efficiency of vegetable cultivation (yield, product quality, production costs) are considered. The characteristic of intensive technology of growing vegetables in the open ground is presented. The transition to an adapted biologized model of growing vegetables, which contains reasonable environmental and economic aspects, is proposed. Directions of this model: building competent plant protection, restoring soil fertility through working with crop residues, effective use of mineral fertilizers. Such an innovative technology makes it possible, in the conditions of insufficient financing of the sub-sector, in the short term to raise the profitability of vegetable farms to a level above 50‰.

Authors: CHutcheva IUliia Vasilevna, Zaltan Ekaterina Ivanovna