IMPACT OF ROBOTIZATION OF AGRICULTURE ON THE GENDER, AGE LIST OF WORKERS AND LEVEL OF THEIR EDUCATION

DOI 10.32651/2010-47

Issue № 10, 2020, article № 9, pages 47-53

Section: Staffing

Language: Russian

Original language title: ВЛИЯНИЕ РОБОТИЗАЦИИ СЕЛЬСКОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА НА ГЕНДЕРНЫЙ, ВОЗРАСТНОЙ СОСТАВ РАБОТНИКОВ И УРОВЕНЬ ИХ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ

Keywords: ROBOTIZATION, STAFFING, ROBOTICS, LABOUR, ROBOTIC MILKING

Abstract: The need to engage in livestock production requires the involvement of additional labour resources in dairy cattle breeding. The urgent problem is the formation of labour resources in the context of the application of digital technologies, including production robotics. The main hypothesis of the study is that the robotization of dairy cattle breeding will lead to a significant change in labour requirements. The purpose of the study is to study the effects of agricultural robotization on the gender, age composition of workers and their level of education. As the main research method, questionnaires for workers of robotic farms were used, as a control group were workers of traditional farms of the same agricultural organization. In conditions of robotics, machine milking operators are replaced by operators of robotic milking, instead of cattle; they are equipped with robotic service technicians. An analysis of sex-based jobs on robotic farms shows that a significant proportion of the employed are men (76.5‰), while the proportion of women is only 23.5‰. At the same time, on farms without robotics, the proportion of women is 54.8‰, and men 45.2‰, respectively. On farms with robotics, 52.9‰ of them have higher education, while on farms without the use of robotics, 64.5‰ of workers have secondary specialized education, and 35.5‰ only secondary education. The largest share of workers on farms with robotics (47.1‰) are in the age category from 18 to 29 years old, and only 19.4‰ of the same age category are on farms without robots. The use of robotics in agricultural organizations leads to a decrease in employment in types of work with high monotony, while the process of creating jobs associated with the maintenance of robotic devices and other digital technologies takes place. Further robotization will help overcome negative trends in the staffing of agriculture, including attracting and retaining professionally trained youth.

Authors: Semin Aleksandr Nikolaevich, Skvortsov Egor Artemovich, Skvortsova Ekaterina Gennadevna