FOREIGN EXPERIENCE IN SUPPORT OF GRAIN CROP SELECTION

DOI 10.32651/204-100

Issue № 4, 2020, article № 17, pages 100-106

Section: Foreign news

Language: Russian

Original language title: ЗАРУБЕЖНЫЙ ОПЫТ ПОДДЕРЖКИ СЕЛЕКЦИИ ЗЕРНОВЫХ КУЛЬТУР

Keywords: CEREALS, SELECTION. SUPPORT, USA, FRANCE

Abstract: In connection with the upcoming development of the subprogram for the development of selection and processing of grain crops in the framework of the Federal scientific and technical program for agricultural development for 2017-2025, the analysis of foreign experience in supporting this direction is relevant. In the United States, along with private investment in the creation of varieties, state support for breeding is maintained, which is carried out through grant funding (the average grant amount is $ 300 thousand). USA). There are problems in many ways similar to the Russian ones: short-term (1-, 3-, 5-year) financing, while the creation and launch of a new variety lasts 7-12 years, the decline in the prestige of agricultural selection, the search for a balance of "state" and "private" selection. In France, funding for research programs in the field of selection (for grants distributed by competition) is provided by the plant breeding support Fund (FSOV), whose budget is formed by charging a fee of 0.9 euros / ton of grain collected by farmers (the so-called "contribution to research and innovation in varieties"), in return for farmers being granted the right to use certified seeds and take a loan of 5 euros/TS of certified seeds.

Authors: Kuzmin Valerii Nikolaevich