INTEGRATION OF DIGITAL ECONOMY INTO AGRICULTURE: INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE AND ITS APPLICATION IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

DOI 10.32651/2070-0288-2018-6-92-97

Issue № 6, 2018, article № 14, pages 92-97

Section: Foreign news

Language: Russian

Original language title: ИНТЕГРАЦИЯ ЦИФРОВОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ В СЕЛЬСКОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО: МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЙ ОПЫТ И ЕГО ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

Keywords: AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX, AGRIBUSINESS, BLOCK CHAIN, DIGITAL ECONOMY, LOGISTICS, QUALITY CONTROL, AGRICULTURE

Abstract: Research objective is to reveal tendencies of introduction of technology a block chain in agriculture at world level and to consider the prospects of development of similar branches in the Russian Federation. Agriculture always implies high risks - natural disaster, poor harvest or accidents - factors that directly affect the range that the agricultural enterprise can offer. Market conditions and large agro-holdings can also make the life of small farmers a difficult task. Companies often abuse their positions, using expensive fertilizers and patented technologies to gain a competitive advantage. Another problem is the logistics of product delivery. Modern agriculture is influenced by large networks. Manufacturers of food often organize industrial production in developing countries. Then they create large-scale distribution networks for the sale of already processed agricultural products around the world, including developed countries. More often than not, the manufacturer cannot sell its products to consumers directly, he is forced to contact intermediaries or distributors who purchase agricultural products in bulk. Large companies can cheaply and in large volumes produce food and meet consumer demand, but with this approach there is always a surplus of goods that will never be consumed. As a result, a new problem is created: collection and utilization of food products. At the same time, resources such as fuel and fertilizers used for the production and distribution of products that will never be consumed cannot be returned even with the deepest processing of unclaimed products. It is important to understand that food products, agricultural production and logistics are interrelated, and we can solve the above problems in a comprehensive way, primarily with the help of modern technologies, using a scientific approach. Technology blockade offers reliable financial instruments to provide agricultural enterprises with timely and full payment of their labour. The use of these technologies will help to avoid risks and will facilitate the enterprise management. Due to clever contracts, farmers can receive payment during the whole calendar year, and not only seasonally: in summer and in autumn. Using a calculation system based on such digital contracts, it is much safer to work with pre-orders. Smart contracts can include any conditions without the involvement of legal support. For example, using a smart contract, the owner of a small cafe can purchase coffee beans directly from a Kenyan farmer. He can order delivery to Europe, pay for the work of a customs broker and certification in accordance with the laws of the country of delivery. Smart contracts will free farmers from long chains of intermediaries and thereby reduce the final price of the product for the consumer. The introduction of blockages at the stage of production, certification and processing of food products creates transparency and allows consumers to support the suppliers they choose. This is especially true for organic and certified products.

Authors: Smagin Aleksandr Alekseevich