AGRARIAN POLICY AND STEADY MOUNTAIN PASTURABLE LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IN THE POST-SOVIET COUNTRIES OF CENTRAL ASIA

DOI 10.32651/2070-0288-2018-5-100-104

Issue № 5, 2018, article № 15, pages 100-104

Section: Foreign news

Language: Russian

Original language title: АГРОПОЛИТИКА И УСТОЙЧИВОЕ ГОРНОЕ ПАСТБИЩНОЕ ЖИВОТНОВОДСТВО В ПОСТСОВЕТСКИХ СТРАНАХ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ АЗИИ

Keywords: MOUNTAIN AGROPASTORALISM, AGROREFORM, LAND RESOURCE SUSTAINABLE GOVERNANCE, PASTURE USERS ASSOCIATIONS, FARMERS ASSOCIATIONS, KYRGYZSTAN, TAJIKISTAN

Abstract: The aim of agrarian policy in the field of mountain herding development in the post-Soviet countries of Central Asia, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan, while maintaining state ownership of pastures, is primarily to create viable associations of pastoralists. At the same time, instead of losing the "Soviet" paternalistic provision of finance, fodder, equipment, medical, educational, veterinary, agronomic, and epidemiological services, new institutions do not appeared that could replace the "Soviet" ones. In Kyrgyzstan, a new system is being created, based on the delegation of state powers to control and responsibility for the management of state grazing lands to local governments, which in turn transfer all powers for managing and using pastures to pasture users associations, but at the same time sources of financing are not established.. In Tajikistan, farms associations face the same problems as in Kyrgyzstan, plus the problem of the simultaneous existence of two legal systems: official land rights, and unofficial rights of users. Modern economic conditions and the lack of control over rights to pastures use lead to inflexible schemes of grazing and the overgrazing and degradation pastures.

Authors: Volkov Sergei Gennadevich