THE LAND RELATIONS IN AGRICULTURE OF BRAZIL

Issue № 4, 2017, article № 16, pages 100-106

Section: Foreign news

Language: Russian

Original language title: ЗЕМЕЛЬНЫЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ В СЕЛЬСКОМ ХОЗЯЙСТВЕ БРАЗИЛИИ

Keywords: BRAZIL, LATIFUNDIAS, LAND REFORM, LAND TITLE, LAND STATUTE, LAND CADASTRE, LANDLESS WORKER'S MOVEMENT, SQUATTING

Abstract: The history of land reforms and features of modern land relations in Brazil are analysed. The country still has an extremely unequal distribution of agricultural lands: as estimated, 1‰ of the population owns 45‰ of all lands. The problem of latifundia, acute in Brazil, is common to many developing countries. Land rights in Brazil, guaranteed by the Constitution, the Land Statute and the Civil Code. The land in the country can be obtained through purchase, inheritance, and directly from the government. Only in 2010 limits on the purchase of agricultural land by foreigners were established in Brazil. Leasing, sale and purchase of land in the country are carried out through formal land market, but for the majority of the population access to land is difficult. Informal lease and sale transactions of land, land speculation became the main economic activity in rural areas in Brazil. The land tax in the country is very low, which enables rich landowners to privatize large areas of idle or underutilized land. The inability and unwillingness of the ruling elites to carry out a radical land reform was the reason for the increased activity of the social movements, enabling to implement the land reform, from the bottom through squatting on land

Authors: Volkov Sergei Gennadevich, Vlasova Tatiana Kuzminichna