CURRENT STATE OF VEGETABLE GROWING OF RUSSIA

Issue № 7, 2016, article № 7, pages 49-54

Section: Agrofood market

Language: Russian

Original language title: СОВРЕМЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ ОВОЩЕВОДСТВА РОССИИ

Keywords: VEGETABLE, VEGETABLES, EFFICIENCY, GROSS HARVEST, YIELD, CULTIVATED AREA

Abstract: Vegetables are important in maintenance of vital forces of the person, are an effective remedy. The average annual physiological norm of consumption of vegetables in Russia depending on climatic conditions and national peculiarities fluctuates from 100 to 150 kg on the person in a year. Results of development of an industry of vegetable growing of Russia in 2015 are given. The industry for years of reforms has not reduced rates of the development. Acreage under vegetables and melon cultures within the last five years (2011-2015) on all categories of farms fluctuated within 831-892 thousand hectares, occupying on average 1.1‰ in structure of all cultivated area of crops in the country. Vegetable cultures occupied 0.9‰, melon food - 0.2‰ of all cultivated area. Gross collection of vegetables of the discovered and protected soil in farms of all categories in 2015 has constituted 16.1 million tons or 104.2‰ to the level of 2014, including vegetables of an open ground - 14.7 million tons or 103.9‰ by 2014. In 2015 productivity of vegetable cultures of an open ground in relation to 2014 has increased for 3.4‰ and has made 225.1 c/hectare. Average productivity of hothouse vegetables in winter greenhouses of agricultural organizations was at the level of 31.8 kg/sq.m., small enterprises - 18.3 kg/sq.m. The main directions of stabilization and increase of efficiency of vegetable growing are offered. The areas of the suitable irrigated lands for productions of vegetables in Russia are quite limited. Therefore it is possible to reach increase in gross production of vegetables mainly due to productivity increase. One of the main factors of increase of productivity of vegetable cultures is the scientifically based system of use of fertilizers. The integrated approach to development of production of vegerable-growing production will make possible providing the population of the country with fresh vegetables of a domestic production.

Authors: Razin Anatolii Fedorovich, Ivanova Mariia Ivanovna, Meshcheriakova Raisa Anatolevna, Razin Oleg Anatolevich